Modern people are not unfamiliar with the words "如" in the Tang Dynasty. The derivative name of "如" is "如" and "如" (not specifically called concubines, but ordinary children call their own mothers). If you think you are an adult with status and need to be serious in front of your mother, then you are called "mother".

In the Tang Dynasty, the most popular names for emperors were "saints", "masters", "masters" (users around the emperor, but ministers generally do not use them), and the traditional "Your Majesty" can of course be used. As for the time-traveling buzzword "Emperor", it seemed to be a written term in the Tang Dynasty, and I did not see an example of living people calling the emperor in person. "Long Live" is used to flatter the emperor when the masses were excited, and this word was not regarded as a title in daily life.

Compared with the "Mother" series called mother, we may seem unfamiliar, messy, and cheated on fathers in the Tang Dynasty. The most popular names are the various derivatives of "Ye" (刘), such as "Ye Ye" (刘) and "Aye" (刘). It is very common for parents to collectively call "Ye (刘) mother", such as "Ye (刘) mother" in "The Soldiers" "Ye My wife walked away to see each other, and the dust did not see Xianyang Bridge" in "Mulan Poetry" "My grandmother heard that her daughter came, and Guo came to support the generals."

But there is another name for a father, which is "brother". "Old Book of Tang·Biography of Wang Ju": "Xuanzong cried and said, "Fourth Brothers are kind and filial..." The "Four Brothers" here refers to Xuanzong's father Ruizong (ranked fourth among brothers of the same mother). "Old Book of Tang·Biography of Wang Yan": "Only the third brother argues about his sinner." The "three brothers" here also refer to his father Xuanzong (ranked third among brothers). Li Shimin had a letter to his son Li Zhi, and he also called himself "brother" at the end of the article.

The title "brother" refers to both his father and his elder brother. For example, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang once called his elder brother Ning Wang "big brother" and "brother Ning" in public. It is said that this title was passed down from the grassland people and has not yet been established in the Tang Dynasty. So I solemnly recommend that you time travelers do not just follow the passers-by, or even call your own brother "big brother" and "brother". This title can easily make you take advantage of your seniority. The safety name for your elder brother in the Tang Dynasty was "brother" and "brother", and it is recommended to use it.

The name of father can be called "yeah" and "brother" in spoken language. In written or serious occasions, it is naturally called "father" or "master". As a verbal term in person, in the Tang Dynasty, it was only used to call parents. In some cases, it can be used to call direct blood relatives and respect elders. It must not be used to call various officials as "Master Zhang", "Master Wang" and "Master Li".

When did "Grandma" become a term for officials? I can't explain the specific time, but the evolution process of "Grandma" and "Zheng" are gradually expanded and extended from "called father". A phenomenon called "externalization of relatives' titles" is combined with a trend of flattery. Finally, the semantic change of "Grandma" is called official, and "Zhengma" (Master) changes to the title master and noble.

In the Tang Dynasty, "Master Zhang" cannot be called an official. In the Tang Dynasty, "Master Wang" is called an official. In the Tang Dynasty, there are roughly the following names.

One is "subject" + "official title". The "official title" here does not have to be the full name. For example, Liu is a member of the "Sanqi Changshi" and is often called "Liu Changshi". Basically, each official title has some conventional titles. The "Shangshi of War" with the surname Zhao and the "Shangshi of the Ministry of Rites" with the surname Qian are both called "Shangshi of Zhao", "Shangshi of Qian", etc.

Second, respectful titles such as "school" + "public" are widely used, available in the folk, and available in the officialdom. If you traveled to the Zhenguan period, you said "Fang Gong is good", and you said "Wei Gong is lucky", and you will think that your child is quite well-educated. In addition, you can also use the title of "Taibai" today, and you will get a new sentence?" "When will Liu Hedong set out to travel south?"

The third is "subject" + "any name". For example, the Tang people called the county magistrate "Mingfu", so the Zhang County Magistrate and Li County Magistrate would be called "Zhang Mingfu" and "Li Mingfu". The Zhongshu Sheren and the senior officials of the Menxia Province were also called "Ge Lao" or something.

There are also common names such as "officials" and "large officials" that are mostly common names for ordinary people to call officials.

When you go out, you will call a woman a lady, and when you see a young woman, you should not call her a lady casually. This title did not appear in the Tang Dynasty. After the middle of the Song Dynasty, it was used as a bad name. It initially refers to a palace maid and later a prostitute.

It's just like seeing a man named Dalang.

When you see a familiar man, you can name him according to the rankings of his family. For example, Li Sanlang and Wang Qilang.

When I see the girl named Liu Shiyi Niang or Liu Shiyi Sister, etc.

In the Tang Dynasty, the names of brothers and sisters who only saw each other were different.

If you are the eldest in the family, and the younger brother and sister who are later can call it this way. You cannot call it the second brother, but the second brother. The third brother is called the third brother. Similarly, sisters are called the second sister and the third sister. The brother and sister are called the second sister. The brother and sister are called the second sister. The brother and sister are only considered sorting.

Among Chinese people, couples often call each other "husband" and "wife". According to legend, this name first appeared in the Tang Dynasty and has been around for more than a thousand years.

There was a man named Mai Aixin in the Tang Dynasty. After passing the exam, he despised his wife's old age and despised her beauty, so he wanted to have a new love. But the old wife took care of her for most of her life and said that it was too cruel to divorce her. So she wrote the first couplet on the desk: "The lotus is ruined, the lotus is broken, and the fallen leaves return to the roots and become the old lotus." She looked at the old wife who was sorting out the study for him. After reading it, the wife picked up the pen and continued to write the couplet and said: "The rice is yellow, and the rice is ripe, and the rice is fresh when she blows the bran and sees new grain." Mai Aixin reads his wife's second couplet and feels ashamed, so she gives up the idea of ​​divorceing her.

Seeing her husband's change of heart, Mai Aixin's wife wrote again: "Honey is very fair." Mai Aixin also continued to write: "My wife is full of affection." "Honey" and "wife" were just called out among the people.

In the Tang Dynasty, emperors gave their relatives different titles from other dynasties. For example, the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty called himself "I", and sometimes used "I" or "I". If you are more intimate with your son, you can call him a nickname. Usually, you can call him a name or a ranking, such as Jiulang, and his aunt and other female relatives will be called the same as the common people.

In the article "A Talk about the Names of the Tang Dynasty", Ji Shuike mentioned that the emperor would call his aunt and other female relatives "Gu" and "sister" like the people. "Li Deyu's Complete Works" contains the "Imperial Letter of the Princess Taihe" written by Li Deyu for Emperor Wuzong of Tang: "I have been married from a distant country for more than 20 years, and have been struggling and struggling, and have suffered from the suffering of garrison. I always think of this, and my good use is in vain... I want to see the city of the old country, and I can't be so enchanted, and I will cry out if I look at the Han generals' flags..."

When the emperor called his uncle and brothers, he often put the title on the title. Volume 3 of "Chaoye Qianzai" includes: Teng Wangying and Jiang Wangyun were not honest and cautious. The emperor (Gaozong - Ji Shuike's notes) gave all the kings, named Five Kings, but not as good as the two kings. He ordered: "Uncle Teng, Brother Jiang will understand the economy and will not give it to him." Volume 12 of "Youyang Zazu": The Prince (Minghuang - Ji Shuike's notes) knew it and laughed loudly, and wrote to King Ning: "Brother Ning can deal with this monk." For example, "Yinhualu" records: King Ning squirted a mouthful of rice to the imperial seat, and directly touched Long Yan. The Prince said: "Why did Brother Ning wrong the throat?"

The emperor often called his sons and nephews, and often used his titles to add a title to him. For example, Yuan Zhen's "Lianchang Palace Ci" has a self-note: Niannu, famous in Tianbao, is good at singing. Every year, there is a banquet downstairs, after a long time, the crowd is noisy. Yan Anzhi, Wei Huangshang, and others cannot stop banning, and the music stops. The Ming Emperor sent Gao Lishi to the upper floor and said, "If you want to send Niannu to sing, Bin 25 Lang blows the small traffic, see if people can listen." Bin 25 Lang is the son of Prince Bin shouli, the son of Prince Bin shouli, and the Ming Emperor followed him.

This article is excerpted from the Internet.
Chapter completed!