.The method of sitting in prison points and practicing facts is the talent training mechanism established by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang on the basis of the integral method of Imperial College in the Yuan Dynasty, aiming to cultivate qualified officials who combine theory and practice. The organizational composition of Imperial College is actually all set up around these two major contents.

The so-called sitting in prison means sitting in the hall to study. The north and south Imperial College is divided into six halls and three levels for teaching. Among them, the three halls of justice, Chongzhi and Guangye are primary. According to regulations, those who only understand the four books but do not understand the Five Classics will study here for one and a half years. If the period is completed, those who have smooth literary and logical language after the examination of the classics can be promoted to the intermediate level of Taoism and the second hall of sincerity can study; if the Taoism is practiced, the second hall of sincerity can be intermediate, and those who have practiced for more than one and a half years, have excellent literary and scientific knowledge and are well-versed in classics and history can be promoted to the advanced Ruxing Hall.

When the supervisor passes the hurdle and is promoted to the advanced Luxing Hall, he must study while cumulative credits in the examination to determine whether he can complete his studies... This is the so-called points method. The Imperial College stipulates that students study in Luxing Hall for one year, take twelve exams a year, and take three times a quarter... Meng Yue tests one classical meaning; Zhong Yue tests one ethical and imperial examination, and the internal medicine is one ethical: Jiyue tests one classical and historical strategies, and two judgments. Each exam score is divided into three levels: those with excellent liberal arts and sciences are the best, and one point is the best: those with excellent liberal arts and sciences are the medium, and half points are the best, and those with wrong liberal arts are the lowest, and no points are the same. Eight credits are obtained in a year are passed, which is considered to be the completion of the academic. If you are less than eight credits, you will fail. If you fail, you will remain in the grade and wait until the next exam and enter Luxing Hall.

In addition, the Imperial College also specifically stipulates that if the Imperial College student is talented and outstanding in his studies, he has "excellent talent and knowledge" the Imperial College Priest can skip the grade for him and shorten his years of study.

When Shen Mo learned about this set of points system for supervision, he couldn't help but sigh that this was a teaching management system that cleverly combined the academic year system with the credit system. Later, after becoming the Imperial College, he realized the superiority of this system... In the teaching management process, "it not only fully utilizes the advantages of the academic year system" such as having unified standards in talent training, strict curriculum planning, stable teaching order, and high teaching quality. It can also give full play to the advantages of the credit system, such as teaching according to aptitude and acknowledging the level gap of students. In addition to completing compulsory courses, students can take various courses based on their own knowledge level, ability, interest and needs. It is conducive to mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning and making outstanding talents stand out.

In this way, the disadvantages of "one-size-fits-all" school year system and poor flexibility, which are not conducive to early talent acquisition, can also avoid the disadvantages of being difficult to manage and difficult to control the teaching order in the credit system. Such an excellent teaching system will not fall behind if it is obtained hundreds of years later.

The educational achievements were also seen by all in the day, and even in the middle of the year, the Imperial College still had famous scholars. For example, Li Shimian, Chen Jingzong, Zhang Mao, Luo Qinshun, Cai Qing, Cui Rui and Luzha divided their education to the north and south. They gathered food in the daytime and shared the hall at night, and the lights were all over the morning, just like the teachings of their disciples in the family school, so many talented people came out of their families.

But what is even more amazing is that after all, students of the Imperial College have only obtained the qualification to become an official and enter politics after accumulating full credits. Only when they pass the internship experience can they have the right to enter politics.

In the fifth year of Banwu, at that time, considering that officials from Jinshi were mostly naive and incompetent, Zhu Yuanzhang was determined to cultivate practical officials and improve their actual governance capabilities. He first created this teaching internship system in the Imperial College, namely the internship and experience system.

The specific rules of this system are that after completing the credits, the supervisors must be assigned to various government agencies to "learn lessons first", that is, to conduct teaching internships. During the internship, students take turns to receive practical training in the central and local departments, and their main task is to learn and handle various political affairs. In this period, the supervisors are called "official affairs students". In addition to being assigned to various government departments, they are also assigned to local prefectures and counties, or cleaning grain fields, or supervising water conservancy repairs, etc., aiming to cultivate the supervisors' actual administrative capabilities.

The most valuable thing is that the Imperial College has also formulated strict internship assessment methods for such internship experiences…… The Imperial College clearly stipulates that students who are studying outside the prison must participate in the assessment, and directly combine the assessment results with the appointment of officials. The specific method of assessment is: "The assessment method is the upper, middle and lower level. The upper level is selected, and the middle and lower level will be taken for one year. The upper level is used according to the upper level. The upper level is used according to the upper level. The lower level is not limited to the grade and will be appointed according to the talented person."

The court once attached great importance to the implementation of this internship system. Before each internship, the number of students in charge of the school was notified to the yamen, and then each yamen accepted the official affairs as needed. If there is any remaining, it will be distributed uniformly by the Ministry of Personnel. The yamen that received the careers must teach the political affairs and have the responsibility to examine their diligence and laziness. Only after the assessment has been met can the Ministry of Personnel be requested to be selected by the Ministry of Personnel. "When a shortage of officials is found, they will be formal officials.

This educational system that combines on-campus learning and off-campus internships is caused by the internship to make up for the shortcomings of officials in administrative abilities. However, through internship experience, students can have extensive contact with actual government affairs and gain practical experience in politics, which is very conducive to the growth of their talents.

Obviously, the Imperial College education in this dynasty was better than the way of training talents in the Song Dynasty's Imperial College. For a long time, the actual ability of the Imperial College was also the kind of "revealing the outside world and focusing on reading the books of sages" in the Song Dynasty, "the lips were rotten and the tongue was broken, and the students were beyond their reach.

In fact, the dynasty had the strongest administrative capacity and the strongest country during its heyday, and it was also the best stage for this education system to be implemented.

However, with the change of Tumu Fort, the national strength of this dynasty declined, and the national finances were in crisis. It began to allow wealthy families to lose money and donate to the supervisor... that is, to use money to buy the qualifications of supervisors, which led to a surge in the number of students in the Imperial College and the quality of students in the Imperial College. Many students could not complete their studies in more than ten years. At the same time, the court could not afford high teaching costs, and for officials who did not need to pay salaries, they should use them in vain, and they required the Imperial College to lower the graduation standards and shorten the years of supervisors in school. In order to save money, they even had to let supervisors return to their hometowns to "rely on their relatives and study, and the teaching quality was no longer possible.

At the same time, the imperial examination, which was not very popular at the beginning of the country, became the right path. To this day, let alone the ministers of the department, not to mention the ministers of the department, even the local prefects and doctors in the court, were all from the Jinshi list. However, because of the decline in their own qualities, especially the decline in cultural qualities, the supervisors had to live in the lower class of the yamen, become county magistrates in the local area, and support the sky. In the court, they were concentrated in the Honglu Temple and Taipu Temple, which were like a cold yamen where no birds could be shit, there was no future.

As a result, the students became more and more discouraged, and even more common appeared. The situation of children from wealthy families hiring people to experience work in the yamen, and the assessment was even more formal, which completely reminded people of the grand occasion when the ministers in the court came from the Imperial College in the late years of Taizu.

However, the silence, who had served as vice president of the Imperial College, has a very good understanding of the past and present of the Imperial College. Because of his understanding, he became more and more heartbroken to reform the Imperial College and restore its role. This was the idea that had been buried in Shen Mo's mind for many years. When Ren Siye was Ren, he discussed this issue with Gao Gong, who was the priest at that time, and Zhang Juzheng, who was Ren Siye. Both of them believed that his ideas were completely meaningful, necessary, and possible... First of all, it was protected by the ancestral laws, so as long as it could control the regime, it could be vigorously promoted. No one dared to object explicitly, as long as he withstands it. For a period of time, these people can achieve success and form a climate, which will become a difficult ritual for generations. Third, thanks to Emperor Taizu, the number of officials in this dynasty is the smallest in history, and there is no problem of redundant staff. Even the central government offices, local prefectures and counties have serious shortages of staff. If the administrative capacity of the court is to be improved, the official staffing must be increased... This kind of thing has never been opposed to the official team... Therefore, without increasing the number of recruitment, there are enough positions to provide excellent supervisors and will not affect the interests of the Jinshi team too much, so this matter can be done.

But these require three prerequisites. First, if you want to grasp state power, the bottom line is at least determined by the cabinet; second, "the government must be reformed first... At least after the first batch of new students in charge have completed their studies, there must be enough official positions to achieve a virtuous cycle; third, it is necessary to eliminate the door of donation for prison. On this point, not only three people, but also the government and the public have long agreed that if you want to improve the quality and status of students in charge, you must first get the money in and get the title of the student, and you must drive out of the ranks of students. Therefore, the loss of donations must be abolished.

For the wealthy families on the pleasure boat, their interest in the Imperial College is just to increase the chances of their children standing out from the Jiangnan Medical Field. They really don’t want to go to the donation prison... All fakes are considered scholarly families, and they really can’t afford to lose this person!

What they really don’t want are ordinary businessmen, small and medium-sized wealthy families, who are just to gain fame and fortune and to increase their status. But their power is at least too weak at the moment, so what if they don’t want it?

When the pleasure boat was docked, it was already the third day of the cold stars. He silently declined their invitation to go to the gentle homeland together, watching the great men, either taking a car or a sedan chair or a ride on the pleasure boat, and entering a place that leans against the red and green. He couldn't help but shake his head slightly, thinking that this identity is really a heavy shackle. If there is a next life, he will definitely be a rich and idle person.

After expressing his feelings, he boarded the carriage and went back to the mansion to sleep. As for whether he could not sleep alone or with a big quilt after returning, he did not know about it for outsiders and finished his errand work to Nandu. He also relaxed his silent mood. The next day he slept a rare night and did not get up until the sun was over.

After getting up and washing up, he wore a comfortable brocade robe, sat in the waterfront with open windows, warm sunshine, and enjoyed the exquisite Jinling breakfast... Silence is very simple to eat, but it is also very picky. He does not require that the ingredients are expensive and rare, but he must be of the best quality and worthy of the taste. He also hopes that he can change the huā often, often the same food, and after eating it once, he will no longer be interested.

However, he has not been tired of the dried tofu shredded tofu, and almost every meal has a small plate. The dried shredded shredded in chicken soup is served in a white porcelain bowl, and it has a warm and soft texture. The small plate is only held by Yingying, and the dried shredded shredded in it is only enough to pick a chopstick. It is not that you can't eat too much, but that you remember your father silently: You should not enjoy all the delicacies, and if you have too much, you will be called chewy.

It is precisely because of the lack of it that I have to savor it. In the ancient waterfront, I listen to the wind, watch the water, chew the flexible dry silk, while flipping through the latest issue of the Shilin Daily, this is probably the enjoyment of life. This is the treatment he can never enjoy in Beijing... He is busy with official duties and has a rare rest, and he has to set an example for his children. How can he be so lazy and comfortable?

Speaking of the "Silin Daily", silence couldn't help but feel proud. "Under the influence of his own little butterfly", the world's earliest regular newspaper was born in China, which was 40 years earlier than Europe.

In fact, newspapers have existed since the Tang Dynasty in China, but until the silence appeared, they were just similar to later generations, "the same thing is for the reading of officials and ordinary citizens only, and ordinary citizens cannot see it... First, there is no conditions for large-scale printing and distribution, and second, the people do not have this need; thirdly, the saints said that ignorant people are good officials, and ignorance is better than knowledge, so newspapers for ordinary people have never been born.

However, when the times have developed to this dynasty, my country's printing technology has matured and the cost of publishing has been greatly reduced. In terms of demand, the citizen class has finally matured in this dynasty. A large number of urban residents who are somewhat cultural and not worried about their livelihoods have developed a strong demand for culture...... While various novels and stories are prevalent, if a more timely and social reading material appears, it will naturally be very popular. Finally, it is the prosperity of the citizen class that has led to officials who can also have a strong influence when they leave the court or do not enter the court. The so-called gap in the court and in the wild is no longer as big as the previous dynasty. Those officials and scholars in the wild also need such a platform to speak to express their opinions.

As a person who has come to this day, he knew too well that the powerful power of newspapers was "the only magic weapon to guide public opinion, enlighten people's wisdom, and make intellectuals refreshed and think about it! So that the atmosphere will be renewed and refreshed, which will not only benefit people's livelihood! After a careful survey and careful thinking, he decided to promote the development of the private newspaper industry. In the 37th year of Jiajing, he was still in office in Suzhou, and instructed Gu Rundong, president of the Suzhou Chamber of Commerce, to invest in the establishment of private newspapers. Ko Run's gratitude for silence is like recreation, although he still believes in the use of this thing, it does not affect his power to do this. In the autumn of that year, " he founded the Suzhou newspaper on Shantang Street and sent people to Wuhu to buy the best paper." Using the most advanced printing machine, he hired the most skilled movable type printing workers from Jinling Bookstore to make the best hardware.

The software is also unambiguous, except for some current political news, which were dug from the newspaper. In order to increase the influence of the newspaper and attract enthusiastic submissions, before the first issue of the newspaper was published, Gu Rundong asked someone to post notices in various places in Suzhou, saying that the first issue of the Suzhou newspaper was first published and that all walks of life are welcome to submit articles. Once adopted, one word is one or two silver!

The concept of royalties was not available at that time. When scholars write something, they will have to pay a little pen to express their value at most. However, Gu Rundong claimed that one or two silver coins will be paid for you in one word. Although it is said that it is to celebrate the first issue, it is also a sky-high price!

As a result, in ten days, more than 30,000 submissions were received... This does not mean that more than 30,000 people contributed it. In fact, in order to increase the chance of being adopted, many people not only submitted one, but the most were as many as a dozen. But even so, it is enough to show that Gu Rundong's gold and Yuan policy was effective and caused an absolute sensation.

When the newspaper was released, it was sold out by the citizens who were eager to enjoy it, and then printed it, then sold out it, and then printed it again, or sold out. In order to meet the needs of the subordinate counties and neighboring prefectures, it was printed seven times in the end, and 330,000 copies were sold... If it was not counted, it was basically sold out, which made Gu Rundong, who had originally planned to lose money and make a name for himself. You must know that because it was the first issue, except for the stock exchange and several major merchants in the auction house, there were no commercial advertisements published, and advertising was the main profit method that Lord Shen said... It seems that this can still make money.

Of course, Shen Mo should collect it carefully. Under his suggestion, this newspaper has eight pages, the first page is the direct interpretation of the imperial edict, the second page is the important news of the court, the third page is the local news, the fourth page is the province, the other provinces, the fifth page is the world introduction, the sixth page is the special edition of science, education, culture and health, the seventh page is the serialization of novels, and the eighth page is the selection of manuscripts. It basically meets the diverse reading needs of citizens, and also gives Shen Mo a window to introduce the world and guide his thoughts.

The following things happened naturally. There was never anything in history that could have the ability and influence of newspapers. Before the next issue of the newspaper came, all the topics of discussion in Suzhou were centered around the content in the newspaper. The authors of those words not only received considerable royalties... Because the writing style at this time was still beautiful with conciseness, the article with the largest number of words was only more than 200 words, but being able to get a hundred taels of silver at once was enough to make them happy.

But what satisfied them even more was that they saw that their articles were well-known and the whole city was famous. This was a great honor that even won the imperial examination! On those days, on the streets and alleys of Suzhou, there were always many people who read aloud with newspapers in front of people, and who had toss and turns over and over again and for only one paragraph. They just waited for others to ask: Whose article is this? They would answer apologetically: "I am not talented, but I have the eyes and ears of Mr. Wu..." People wanted to throw them into the river.

Although other scholars were disdainful, they were so jealous in their hearts. When they got home, they started to write articles, swearing that they would be adopted next time: Humph, I also have to take the newspaper and walk around Suzhou City.”

Later, the remuneration was reduced to one-tenth, which did not affect the scholars' enthusiasm for submission. The Suzhou Daily became more and more popular, and its influence spread across Southeast Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which also attracted people from all over the world to follow suit.

After a few years, almost all the southeastern provinces have had several newspapers. However, although they are all newspapers, the level difference is very large and can be divided into three echelons. The first echelon is a basic original big newspaper, the second echelon is half original and half excerpted mid-term newspapers, and finally it is tabloids who rely solely on copying other people's newspapers to live. But it is hard to say which kind of money makes.

The Shilin Daily in the hands of Chen Si is one of the three newspapers issued by Nanjing at the same time. The other two are the Jinling News and Qinhuai River News. With Nanjing's cultural heritage, of course, they cannot be sent by plagiarism. These three newspapers are among the big newspapers, but they focus on different... For example, the Jinling News mainly focuses on the dynamics of the court. The province's politics and people's livelihood are comprehensive big newspapers with the largest circulation; while the Qinhuai River Newspaper publishes some poetry, songs, and secret records of scandals all day long. Although it is suspected of not doing its job properly, the circulation is also considerable.

The smallest circulation is the Shilin Newspaper. Each issue can be sold at most half of it, and the advertising revenue is the worst, and it loses money. But this is the newspaper that Chen Si valued the most. He injected a large amount of sponsorship funds into this newspaper through various channels so that it would not lose money or close down.

Because this newspaper is aimed at Shilin, its content focuses on politics, ideas, academics, national affairs, etc., and its influence in Shilin is unparalleled, and it is also the main base for nurturing new ideas!

Take today's newspaper for example. The famous Sangonghuai debate last year was rarely discussed in Beijing, but in this issue of the newspaper, I saw nine discussions on the relationship between the king and the country. Those with this attitude, some with such opinions, the debate was very fierce and protracted.

He also saw two discussions about his lectures in Beijing. What made Chen Si very happy was that both articles support his point of view, believing that what he learned should be applied and learn with practice... I wonder if the editor-in-chief came out to please me on purpose. This old bureaucrat who always thinks of people as bad as hell.

He browsed the newspaper with a smile. When his eyes fell on the fourth page, his pupils suddenly shrank, and he froze. He didn't know that there was still half of the dry silk in his mouth...
Chapter completed!