.Under the same technical conditions, land is a very low-efficiency means of production. Therefore, in the small peasant economy period, there is only one way to rely on land to meet higher material needs, which is to merge and record and cut the land that originally belonged to many people in the hands of a few people, record and cut the blood and sweat of land workers, so as to achieve the purpose of gathering sand into a tower and accumulating a small amount.

However, this practice has many disadvantages. First, it is that the land grabs small people's land will be hated by poor people; second, it is that evading the taxes of the court will become the target of the imperial power; third, the greater the land acquired, the greater the impact of flood, drought and locust plague. Once the year is not good, it may not only have no harvest, but also have to open warehouses and release grain to support their own tenants. Therefore, most small and medium-sized landlords live as they imagined, especially small and medium-sized landlords in underdeveloped areas, who also have to work in the fields, and their food and clothing are only a little more limited than their own tenants, and they will not be able to see meat until the New Year holiday. This is not because they have hardships.

The simple traditional virtue is that the efficiency of the small peasant economy is too low. If you work hard, you can take care of one person's meals. The landlords do not have surplus food... Compared with the small peasant economy, the commodity economy is more efficient and has stronger ability to create wealth. Moreover, the formation process of the commodity economy can break the natural economy and regional blockade, develop social division of labor, establish domestic markets, promote the development of production socialization and the progress of social productivity... Because the process of establishing commodity value will continuously encourage commodity producers to improve production technology, equipment, improve business management, and improve labor productivity.

Moreover, the process of realizing commodity value is based on the principle of equivalent exchange, constantly adjusting the interest relationship between the two parties, mobilizing the enthusiasm of producers, reasonably distributing and using means of production to promote the development of production. Therefore, its value core provides a fertile soil for the awareness of equality, democratic thought, free spirit and legal system construction; it is obviously more representative of the direction of progress and development of human society than the closure, autocracy, hierarchy and rule of man nurtured by the small peasant economy.

In the final analysis, the commodity economy replaces the small peasant economy is a universal law of the historical development process of human beings. Only by fully developing the commodity economy and making it the main form of social economy can the socialization and modernization of production be realized, and the civilization and modernization of society can the commodity economy be realized. Whether the commodity economy can replace the natural economy and become the main form of social economy is related to whether a nation can not fall behind in the next five hundred years. This is the overwhelming event in Shen Mo's life.

So what is the reason for the development of China's commodity economy? First of all, it is deflation. China has severely lacked precious metals and has never been able to establish a complete monetary system, which seriously restricted the circulation of commodities: and the country has always been in a state of monetary tightening, which has caused wealthy families to harm gold and silver as a means of preserving and increasing value, and the currency required for circulation has become increasingly scarce. Therefore, China has inherent shortcomings in developing the commodity economy. However, this problem has improved greatly in the past twenty years with the large inflow of silver in the Americas and Japanese silver. This is also the fundamental reason for the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty's commodity economy in the past twenty years.

The second is the traditional idea of ​​emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce. Because the imperial autocracy is based on the small peasant economy, the movement and freedom of the commodity economy of the closed and conservative small peasant economy and the pursuit of political status by the merchant class are regarded by the rulers as a cancer that destroys the foundation of the rule. Moreover, in an era when most people had problems with eating, they also lacked the conditions for the development of the commodity economy. In that era, most merchants in that era used speculation and hoarding to make profits, which did have a negative impact on small peasant life. Moreover, due to their limited vision, the rulers could not recognize the multiplier role of the commodity economy on social wealth, and one-sidedly believed that merchants did not engage in production and used speculation as a benefit," which was a parasite in society...

Therefore, it was emphasized that agricultural production has been suppressing the development of industry and commerce since the Warring States Period. During the Qin Shihuang, merchants were treated equally as criminals. The Han Dynasty ordered merchants not to wear silk clothes, not to ride horses, and "heavy taxes and rents to insult them." Emperors of all dynasties said: In addition to scholars, farming is the most expensive. All businessmen and businessmen rely on farming, so farming is the main task of the world, and labourers are the last. The master of these small peasants' thoughts was Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding ancestor of this dynasty. He took various measures to limit the development of industry and commerce, and even tried to erase the existence of the merchant class. Although it was just a delusion, it still had a heavy impact on social consciousness.

Even today when industry and commerce are prosperous and developing, almost no matter how stubborn landlords are, they cannot refuse the huge profits brought by industry and commerce. However, the idea of ​​getting rich by the end and using their foundation to stay in business is deeply rooted. These guys have earned huge wealth from industry and commerce. They are not thinking about adding equipment, building factories, and expanding reproduction, but turning back and buying land to contribute to the land annexation of the Ming Dynasty.

At this time, the stronger the financial resources, the faster the merger will be. The most intuitive example is the Yan family and the Xu family. Yan Ge Lao was in power for nearly forty years, and he had a good son who had never been able to embezzle his power. With such good conditions, the father and son worked hard for decades, but they only earned 80,000 mu of family business, and had 3 million taels of silver for gold, silver and jewelry. Xu Ge Lao has never made any money and was known to the world, but he quietly collected nearly one million mu of fertile land, and they were all in the south of the Yangtze River. If it were converted into silver, it would have been almost over 100 million taels of silver.

The example of the Xu family is not an individual case, but represents the investment direction of a considerable number of powerful and powerful people. These people have strictly raised land prices, causing the price of southeast land to be seriously detached from its value: and because of the rising prices, they continue to absorb newly created wealth like a black hole, which not only seriously affects the development of the commodity economy, but also brings serious hidden dangers to social stability.

The reason why Shen Mo supported Hai Rui was because his withdrawal of land in Songjiang would inevitably severely crack down on the annexation impulse of the powerful and powerful, and to evacuate the land on a large scale. Hai Rui's goal was to make the common people have their own land and the country had their own taxes; Shen Mo's goal forced him to withdraw from the land and devote his financial resources and energy to industry and commerce. Although his focus was different, at least for a period of time, everyone was a fellow traveler.

Moreover, looking at the Ming Dynasty, only Hai Gangfeng can do this well, because his reputation is too good, and he is recognized as fair and selfless, and a strong man without desire. Those rich and powerful people with damaged interests cannot attack him fatally, so they can only slander him from the way of working, saying that he hates the rich and is rude... And these have extremely limited lethal power to an official, as long as someone is willing to support him firmly.

So silent stood behind Hai Rui with great determination. After writing a heart-to-heart letter to Gao Gong, he also wrote a memorial to defend Hai Rui as an old commander, and praised him greatly, saying that he was the right person in the world and the loyalty in the world. Even if he was a knife, he would ignore it!" Could it be that the court could not even tolerate such officials! Of course, Hai Rui also had his shortcomings, and he would still pay attention to his working methods in the future, which was still worth looking forward to.

This was almost the first time that Mr. Chen had publicly expressed his attitude on a semi-discussed incident. Those noisy censors were silent. Even the Southeast newspapers that criticized Hai Rui as a sieve slowed down their offensive at the first time and began to comment on the governor at the forefront of the storm.

After clarifying his silent attitude, Gao Gong had to continue to support Hai Rui. For a moment, the wind direction reversed, and the clouds shrouded over Hai Rui's head were blown away completely.

Moreover, Silence has a deep understanding of the shamelessness of the Southeast wealthy clans. He knows that if they can't hit the Dead Sea Gangfeng openly, they will definitely use hidden arrows to be slandered. For this reason, he ordered Yu Yin to go back to Songjiang immediately and secretly help protect Hai Gangfeng. "It is important to make this magic sword avoid breaking into despicable conspiracies.

Hai Rui, who received the support of the cabinet, also completely let go of his hands and feet. Starting from the spring of the fourth year of Longqing, the vigorous movement to clear the fields... Of course, this is a later story.

Time is like a ridge, and in the blink of an eye it is February of the fourth year of Longqing. The weather turns warmer. "The grass is dyed green, the swallows fly north, and people also put away their thick winter clothes. Silence no longer cares about the prefecture." Because after a winter of dormant, the spring offensive of the Futao Army launched.

In the few months since last winter, the situation in Hetao has changed a lot. First, Noyandala led the Ordos headquarters to support the people and announced his conversion to the Lama religion. Then his three captured brothers followed suit and led their subordinates to surrender to the Ming Dynasty and allowed the Lama religion to preach within the tribe. In a blink of an eye, four of the nine tribes, one of whom had been broken, had never dared to cross the Yellow River again, and they all hid in the Houtao plain on the north bank to take refuge.

While silently, he ordered Noyandala, Baisang and others to maintain contact with their brother tribes, conveying the Ming Dynasty's intention of accepting them: at the same time, there was no relaxation of military means. As soon as it was late February, suitable for cavalry operations, Li Chengliang, who had been ready to go, led his elite troops to cross the Yellow River to find the enemy and fight to the decisive battle.

Li Chengliang was very satisfied that he became the main general of the attack, but Qi Jimei wanted to stay in the trap. He vowed to establish his achievements in one battle so that everyone in the world would know his name! For this attack, he carefully prepared for a winter and conducted rigorous winter training for his subordinates. Finally, he selected five thousand athletes, each of whom was skilled in bows and horses and well-armed tigers and wolf men. When he met Mongolian cavalry, he did not lose the least in the battle of horse racing, and he had great advantages in forming formations. Moreover, he was equipped with the three-eyed throne of the cavalry artifact. With these five thousand iron cavalry, he dared to make a breakthrough in Altan's royal court!

This is also the first time that Li Chengliang has been alone and has been able to command a powerful brigade according to his own tactical ideas. He can finally exert his superman military talent. But in the vast grassland, there is no support, and Mongolian cavalry several times more likely to come out at any time. How difficult it is to save yourself and eliminate the enemy!

In fact, at the beginning, Li Chengliang did not have a clear goal, basically duels in search of the enemy and long-distance raids. He fought an encounter battle. When he was raided, he would be brave, and he was in the extreme. Perhaps it was a famous general who was given to heaven. If the war was to give birth to such a famous general, he would not let him be destroyed in his debut work. Instead, he sent him a great victory and crossed the Yellow River. He rushed all the way, and even let him run into the hinterland of the back trap. He had to catch the news of the Ming army's invasion and hurriedly transfer the Mongolian troops... In order to cover the retreat of tens of thousands of elderly, weak women and children, the Mongolian army had to bite the bullet and face it. As a result, Li Chengliang had a blunt cavalry and shot, disrupting his position. Then he rushed in fiercely, killing three in and three out, and rushing the Mongolian army, which was twice as good as his, and fleeing in and out in all directions.

This battle beheaded more than 1,000 levels, greatly boosted the morale of the Ming army and also completely wiped out the fighting spirit accumulated by the Mongols for a winter. The Mongols had no power to resist. It was not until Huang Taiji and Bu Yantaiji who had returned to Tumochuan to spend the winter came to rescue, and they were able to recover.

The Mongols gathered heavy troops and vowed to annihilate the cross-border cavalry. However, at this time Li Chengliang was completely used to grassland combat and knew the terrain of the Houtao grassland. In the subsequent battles, he used his troops flexibly, adapted to changes, avoided the real and went against the weak, and accidentally used heavy punches in the movement, and made the Mongols dizzy and miserable..."...

The climax of this spring offensive occurred in the final stage. Li Chengliang led his subordinates to march in six days and fought for 300 miles. After avoiding the frontal defenses of Huang Taiji and Bu Yantaiji, he successively broke through the five tribes hiding in Urat. Then he quietly killed a retaliation along the eastern foot of Yinshan Mountain and attacked Huang Taiji's central army camp.

Although after learning that the rear was attacked, the Mongols sent most of their men back to the rescue, more than 15,000 cavalry remained behind to curb Li Chengliang's way back.

This battle is a real battle between blood and fire between the two sides, and a battle between life and death.

Li Chengliang led less than 5,000 cavalry and rushed back and forth for nearly a thousand miles, fighting with Huang Taiji and Buyan Taiji who were waiting for their hard work. This was a real frontal battle and a tough battle. In this battle, Li Chengliang's troops had no chance to take advantage of it. On the contrary, they fought with less and more, and they fought with fatigue, and the battle was extremely cruel.

But Li Chengliang resisted the opponent's fierce arrogance, led the army to fight to the end, and led the entire army to fight bravely, and even attacked the Mongolian central army, killing the two Taijis to retreat in panic. Seeing the commander retreating, the Mongolian army was in chaos, the Ming army took advantage of the situation to cover up the killing and left, but the Mongolian army did not dare to pursue it.

In this battle, the Ming army killed 3,000 enemies with 4,500 to 1,000, and lost less than 1,000 to themselves...

In mid-March, Li Chengliang returned to the condom with his tired and over-lost subordinates and was welcomed by the most solemn welcome. "... From crossing the river at the end of February to returning to the condom in mid-March, in less than a month, the Ming army won seven battles and beheaded nearly 6,000 levels, destroyed seventeen Mongolian camps, and robbed countless burned materials... What made other Ming generals unbelievable was that Li Chengliang's troops did not need the rear wheels to replenish supplies. They were completely due to the food from the enemy, and they could eat wherever they fought. They captured the Mongol camps, and the seized food was replenished on the spot, and all they could not eat were destroyed, consuming their precious grain reserves.

The most valuable thing is that after this battle, the Ming cavalry was no longer afraid of staying away from the rear and fought against the Mongols on the grassland. Even if they fought with less and more, they had the confidence to fight a path of blood with the three-eyed system in their hands.
Chapter completed!