The opening of the Grand Canal of the Sui and Tang Dynasties was formed on the basis of local canals. Without the excavation of local canals, it would be impossible to open the Grand Canal of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Even during the separatist period, local regimes dug some local canals, and objectively the Grand Canal of the Sui and Tang Dynasties were prepared.

During the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, through dredging of the Han Dynasty trough canals, Guangtong Canal (also known as Fumin Canal and Yongji Canal), it was opened, south of the Wei River, next to the Nanshan Mountains and east, and connected to the Yellow River to Tongguan.

During the reign of Emperor Yang of Sui, the Grand Canal was divided into four types: Tongji Canal, Hangou, Yongji Canal, and Jiangnan Canal.

The motivation of the Sui Dynasty to build canals exceeded the purpose of serving military operations. It was mainly because the southern economy developed rapidly at that time and had become the focus of the national economy. Therefore, the country needed to strengthen its management of the south, Chang'an needed to connect with the prosperous economic zone, and needed the southern food supply to the north.

Of course, Emperor Yang of Sui also had political considerations in building the canal. Just like moving the capital, he also wanted to get rid of the control of the Guanlong nobles.

History is so ironic. Qin Shihuang was accused of building the Great Wall for waste of money and not caring about the people's strength. However, the Great Wall has become one of the miracles in the world and the pride of descendants of Yan and Huang.

The same is true for the Grand Canal. Emperor Yang of Sui was scolded for being bloody, and building the canal became the cause of his destruction. However, the historical role played by the Grand Canal lasted for thousands of years and benefited from it for several dynasties.

When Xu Qilin sailed on the Grand Canal on a boat, he couldn't help but sigh that opening the Grand Canal can be said to be a contribution to the present and the future. And the comments on the merits and crimes of Emperor Yang of Sui are really complicated.

In this regard, Xu Qilin agreed with a philosopher: After a dynasty exists for a long time, many saints emerge in this dynasty because the historians of this dynasty are mostly praised.

If a dynasty exists for a short time, there will probably be no good person, because the historians of his dynasty who write history are the ones who write history, how can they say good things? There are not many people like Sima Qian after all.

In addition to his feelings, Xu Qilin also saw a prosperous canal economy in the future. The development potential is so huge, but it is far from reaching now.

Communication between the north and the south economy, promoting exchanges between the north and the south, and eliminating differences between the north and the south, was only able to do it at that time.

Speaking of which, others think that it is hard to travel outside, but Xu Qilin regards this as a kind of experience and a travel to appreciate the beautiful scenery.

From the confusion that comes through time to adapting, and even integrating into it, Xu Qilin found that he loved the Tang Dynasty, this long and ancient land, the simple people here, and the beautiful scenery here.

Although there are some unsatisfactory aspects, perfection does not exist, whether it is a country or an individual. He is willing to work hard for the people, work hard for the happiness and happiness of his family, and prosperity of the country.

"Alang, since there are reports from officials from all over the country, why do you have to go there in person?" Wu Song squatted on the deck and asked in confusion: "This time, it takes more than two or three months."

Xu Qilin raised his eyebrows and asked back, "Why, are you missing home now?"

"Then, that's not." Wu Song stuttered, but his expression showed that he was indeed homesick.

Xu Qilin laughed twice and said, "Just looking at those reports, I can't accurately understand the situation. I didn't see that I still brought a lot of people, such as dock loading and unloading, transportation equipment, ships needed for each section, and ship workers to be recruited by the shipping company. I need to make a standard for these."

This is right. Many things are the first time. Except for Xu Qilin, others may not be able to get the key. The savings in freight involve many aspects, and the big and small cannot be ignored, so that the cost can be reduced to the core.

The court has not yet had a clear reply to using salt profit to hire ship workers instead of recruiting them. It may also depend on how much the freight can be saved.

If he saves a lot, in order to reduce the burden on the people and gain a good reputation for loving the people, His Majesty Li Er would probably agree, and the ministers in the court would not object too much.

Some inconspicuous places, such as loading and unloading with lifting equipment, and changing grain to bulk transport into standard sacks or wooden boxes for collection and systematization. According to Xu Qilin's calculation, the freight rate per bucket of rice can be reduced by 17 cents.

What is this concept? Transporting millions of stones of grain to Chang'an can save 170 guan. By taking the land route through Sanmenxia, ​​you can save 100 guan per pound of rice, and a million guan is 100 guan.

The shipping level is the key to the reduction of freight costs. It not only reduces the burden on ship workers in Jiangnan, but also reduces the unnecessary consumption of waiting along the way. If you are careful, you can save nearly 30% of the freight costs.

This is not the end. If the shipping company is established, the south-west freight transports north, north-west freight transports south, and reasonable dispatch, and the ship does not run away, the benefits will be more significant.

According to Xu Qilin's rough calculation, if you save money and earn money, you will still be a conservative figure every year.

Wu Song was dedicated to being a bodyguard, but he didn't know Xu Qilin's plan. He just felt that it was so hard and he was a little homesick.

Of course, Xu Qilin also wanted to live a comfortable life, but he had to eat and wait for food. He was sorry for his age, his elder sister, his elder brother, and his younger sister.

As for promotion, Xu Qilin was both timid and demanding on the surface, but in fact he was not very enthusiastic. The court was full of talented people and not harmonious. It was not easy to stand firmly.

Especially in feudal society, the emperor decides everything. If you don’t like it, you will be exiled at the least and be sentenced to death at the worst. What tricks do you have?

Just like now, it’s great. If you take care of yourself, you’re just making money. The brains of future generations can still be stumped by this.

"Alang said that the "Meeting" drama is very popular, and we will fall in love with it when we go back, right?" Wu Song was embarrassed to mention Zheng Tuantuan, so he took what Xu Qilin told him as an example.

Xu Qilin didn't care, and knew what this guy was thinking, and said, "When will you think about it, it's a big deal? Don't think about it, follow someone with peace of mind, your benefits will be indispensable."

Wu Song smiled and began to think about the benefits again, or ask Alang to help him talk to Mrs. Zheng.

Xu Qilin's eyes had moved to a small boat that was moving upstream. Seeing that the old man was quite old and skilled in the boat, there was a woman next to him holding a pole in her hand and supporting the boat with force.

The woman was not very old, with her face dark and naked feet, and sweat flowed down her temples. She was quite far apart, and just looked at this side and then focused on the boat again.

Life is not easy, you should be lucky, and you don’t have to work as hard as they do.

Xu Qilin sighed, shifted his eyes again, looking at the scenery along the coast.

The crops in the fields have been harvested, and the green trees are mostly replaced by yellow and yellow. The autumn is clear and the weather is small, and there are few pedestrians.

The busy farming industry has passed, and most people will have to wait until the spring next year before they can get the hoe and plow again. If they can have a winter business, it is best to be at home, their income will increase and labor productivity will also increase.

Just pointing to farming, without disasters, it is good to have food and clothing. If you have a side job, wouldn’t it be faster to pursue a well-off society?

Xu Qilin lowered his eyelids and fell into deep thought again.

………………………….

Chang'an Qianqiu Palace.

A few days ago, I went out to relax, listened to the songs, and watched the play, His Majesty Li Er's mood was still relieved.

Today, His Majesty Li Er is still in a good mood, especially when he saw the letter from his fat son and the report submitted through normal channels.

Obviously, Li Sipang really realized that he had not only written a letter to his father and greeted him, but also wrote a letter to his brothers in Beijing, which also expressed his feelings.

His Majesty Li Er expressed his gratitude for this. Although he killed his brother and slaughtered his brother through the Xuanwu Sect Incident, who would hope that his son would be killed again?

After reading the fat son's letters and then reading the fat son's report, His Majesty Li Er felt even more comfortable. He did not expect that this fat son not only had outstanding literary talent, but also had profound insights into the people's livelihood of the Tang Dynasty.

Speaking of the prosperity and decline of the Tang Dynasty, it is probably very important that the rise and abandonment of the military system of the government, as well as the implementation and collapse of the equal-field system.

The government military system was based on the equal-field system, and the equal-field system collapsed, leading to the abandonment of the government military system. The following was the decline of the Tang Dynasty's military power and the emergence of warlord separatism.

Therefore, the equal-field system was regarded as a key factor in the rise and fall of the Tang Dynasty in history.

Li Sipang's report was precisely aimed at the disadvantages of the equal-land system and the difficulty of the people migrating from narrow towns to Kuan Township.

The equal-field system originated very early, with hundreds of years of history since the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. Its purpose was to allow civilians to have land to survive, and to make the rich not enough to constitute an invasion.

In the Tang Dynasty, the adoption of the equal-field system was also based on historical reasons and implementation. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, wars were frequent, resulting in sharp decline in population and large amounts of land being desolate.

This made the country distributed a large amount of land to peasants in the early Tang Dynasty. After the people acquired the land, they did not occupy it forever, but instead returned most of it to the country after death, and then distributed it to others by the country.

On the surface, this seems to be fine. As long as the territory of the Tang Dynasty is wide enough and there is enough land allocation, this system can be implemented for a long time.

But in fact, by the time of Emperor Gaozong, the equal-field system was on the verge of collapse, because the equal-field system had inevitable disadvantages.

Because the land in the Tang Dynasty was divided into Yongye fields and guchi-divided fields. The former generally includes residential land and mulberry land, which are private and can be passed on to descendants or traded; the latter is distributed according to population, and people have the right to distribute them as soon as they are born, and they must be taken back as soon as they are gone.

In this way, with the increase of population, the original land can no longer meet the needs. Areas with a large population will receive less and less land, far from the level specified by the government.

Moreover, due to frequent withdrawal and distribution of land, the land is fragmented. The land owned by a family is often scattered everywhere.

Since there is no modern means of transportation and transportation, it is quite difficult for farmers to cultivate fields far apart.

According to historical records, the farthest distance of land owned by some people in the Tang Dynasty was a hundred miles away. One hundred miles, and there were cars to make up. In ancient times, it was really impossible to cultivate.

Furthermore, how many bureaucrats in Chang'an have to occupy more than territories is a huge number.

According to regulations, nobles with titles were reduced from princes to princes and marquis to five hectares. The officials from the first rank to eighth and ninth ranks, and the officials from the fifth ranks were reduced from the same ranks, and the officials from the fifth ranks were reduced from the same ranks, and the officials from the same ranks, and the officials from the same ranks, and the officials from the fifth ranks, and the officials from the same ranks, and the officials from the same ranks, and the officials from the upper ranks, and the officials from the Yunqi and Wuqiwei were reduced from the thirty hectares to sixty acres.

In addition, bureaucrats and government officials at all levels also receive different levels of rank and public land. The rent for rank and public land is used as a supplement to the bureaucratic salary, and the rent for rank and public land is used as the expenses of the official office.

The phenomenon of insufficient land is particularly prominent in Guanzhong, not only because of the increasing population of Guanzhong, but also the land allocated by the court to ministers, which made the peasants in Guanzhong allocated less and less.

There is no sufficient land, but Dingkou has to pay a fixed amount of rent and mediocre service, which is very heavy. When it reaches a certain level, farmers cannot afford it, and they will only escape.

In order to solve this problem, the court also introduced a policy of migrating from narrow towns to Kuan Townships, allowing people in areas with large populations and small lands to migrate from small populations and large lands.

But policy is a policy, without considering the specific conditions at that time, that is, short documents, and there is no possibility of implementation.

Think about it, farmers with few land and refugees without land want to get enough land, but migrating to the distance is the biggest difficulty they face, and it is not an exaggeration to say that it is a danger.

First of all, there is no specific direction. This does not exist in later generations. Turn on the computer and check the Internet. Where there are preferential policies, and you will give you land and houses. Where there are more fields and how many people to recruit to cultivate is clear at a glance.

But at that time, the people were blinded. Being able to walk out of the place with a hundred miles is already considered to have gone far away and experienced people, so who may know the specific situation of a further distance?

I don’t know where to go, nor how to walk on the road. It is very likely that I will run away with my family and starve to death on the road.

Just like the spontaneous "breaking into the Guandong" and "going to the west" in history, it was really forced to go without any tricks and could only use your life to break through.

Moreover, how many people died on the way to "break through the Guandong" and "going to the west"? How many people have arrived at their destinations? How many can they settle down in unfamiliar land?

Therefore, letting the people move freely is nonsense, and there is no use if there is a policy. If you cannot starve to death, you would rather beg for food and beg for the local beggar than leave your hometown and go to the future with little hope.

Therefore, without government support and guidance, it would be empty talk to the people to migrate to Kuanxiang spontaneously. The so-called policies are nonsense and there is no possibility of implementation.

Li Sipang's report was written precisely for these things and proposed solutions. Although it is not perfect, it can alleviate the disadvantages of the narrow and large number of people in Guanzhong.
Chapter completed!