Chapter 1976 Eight Sounds and Eight Instruments
Qin Feng carefully selected five designs.
Because of Yingcheng's heavy award, these five design drawings are actually not the design drawings of a simple performing arts hall, but the design drawings of an entire city block.
Relying on this main building, which is the Qin Feng Piano Performance Pavilion, a music community will be created nearby.
The five design drawings are all unique.
Basically, it's all in line with the idea of a music community.
However, as far as Qin Feng is concerned, the most satisfying thing is one of them, represented by eight ancient Chinese musical instruments, distributed in eight directions throughout the community, guarding the Qin Feng Piano Performance Pavilion in the middle.
This is similar to a Bagua chart.
The eight musical instruments are: pipa, chime, flute, harp, harp, xun, sheng and drum.
These eight musical instruments also correspond to the eight tones: gold, stone, earth, leather, silk, wood, pao (pao), and bamboo.
Pipa, originally called "Piba", is a plucked string instrument. It was recorded in Liu Xi's "Shi Ming. Shi Musical Instruments" in the Han Dynasty: "Pipa originally came from Hu Zhong, and the drum was immediately played. When pushing the hand, it is said to be Pipa, but when the hand is drawn, it is called Pipa.
"The handle is like a drum, so it is named after it." The meaning of this ancient text is: Pipa is an instrument played on horseback. When it is played forward, it is called Pi, and when it is played backward, it is called Pa; according to the way it is played,
It was named "pipa" (pipa) because of its characteristics. In ancient times, knocking, hitting, playing and playing were all called drums. At that time, nomads rode on horses to play the pipa, so it was called "a drum played on horseback".
Chime bells are large-scale percussion instruments of the ancient Han people. They emerged in the Western Zhou Dynasty and flourished from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties. They are made of bronze and consist of oblate bells of different sizes arranged in order of pitch and hung on a huge bell frame.
Using a T-shaped wooden hammer and a long stick to strike the copper bells separately can produce different musical tones, because each bell has a different tone. If you strike it according to the music score, you can play beautiful music.
The history of the flute can be traced back to ancient times. Archeology shows that bone sounders dating back more than 7,000 years have been found among the unearthed cultural relics. Archaeologists call them "bone whistles" (cultural relics unearthed in Hemudu, Zhejiang)
, existing in Zhejiang Province). At the same time, the flute is divided into Dongxiao and Qinxiao, both of which are single-tube and vertically blown. It is a very ancient Han wind instrument. The sound is mellow and soft, quiet and elegant, and is suitable for solos and ensembles.
.It is generally made of bamboo, with the blowing hole at the upper end. There are six-hole flutes and eight-hole flutes.
The origin of the harp is also very ancient, accounting for the largest proportion of the stringed instruments discovered in archaeology. Its excavated locations are concentrated in the three provinces of Hubei, Hunan and Henan, and most of them come from Chu tombs in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In other places, only a few sporadically found
. The zither is shaped like a harp, with 25 strings of different thicknesses. Each string has a column, and the strings are tuned according to the pentatonic scale. The earliest zither had fifty strings, so it is also called the "fifty string".
The status of the qin in ancient musical instruments is similar to the status of the piano today. It was invented in the Fuxi era and was a five-stringed qin, or it may have been made by Shennong ("Ancient History": Fuxi made the qin and zither. "Gang Jian Yi Zhi"
"Records": Fu Xi cut tung trees as the qin, and the ropes as the strings; and the mulberry trees as the harp. "Shuowen": "Qin" is also a string instrument made by Baoxi. "Century of Emperors": Shennong began to make a five-string qin to play in the palace.
The sound of Shang Jiao Zheng Yu. From the ninth dynasty to King Wen, two strings were added to it, and it was named Shaogong, Shaoshang.) The place where the Qin was invented was in the area of present-day western Shandong and eastern Henan.
The ancients said: "Among the eight tones, strings are the most important, and the qin is the first." "Among all instruments, the qin has the best virtue." The word "qin" refers to the guqin. "The player of the qin relies on the sound of heaven and earth."
"It communicates with the gods and frightens ghosts and gods", "Therefore, the gourds play the harp, the birds gather together, and the deep fish come out to listen; Shi Kuang plays the harp, the six horses raise their heads, and the black crane stretches its neck"... Almost all ancient music-related stories
The stories all come from the guqin. The guqin has an extremely broad artistic expression. It is clear, simple, round and full of penetrating power and texture, so its expression realm is very broad: the subtle and distant "Goose Falling on the Flat Sand" is elegant in quality.
The pure "Three Lanes of Plum Blossoms", the leisurely and soothing "Questions and Answers of Fishermen and Woodcutter", the strong and harsh "Guangling San", the sad and sad "Grudge of Nagato", the majestic "Flowing Water", there is almost nothing that is unique to the guqin.
cannot be expressed.
There are seven strings on the surface of the piano, from thick to thin, arranged according to the pentatonic scale from outside to inside. There are also thirteen emblems embedded on the surface of the piano to mark the phonetic positions on the strings. During the performance, the right hand plucks the strings loosely.
Overtone, three tone changes according to the press. The scattered tone is pronounced with open strings, and its sound is strong and thick. The overtone is produced by lightly touching the emblem with the left hand to produce a light and fluttering sound. The pressed tone is pronounced by pressing the string with the left hand, and the tone can be changed by moving the pressing finger.
It is high and can play portamentos, trills or other ornamental sounds. In addition, it can also play intervals such as unison, octaves, and fifths. There are a vast number of literature records and spreads about the guqin, and it is a treasure of ancient Chinese music.
Xun is a wind instrument made of clay in ancient times. It is round or oval in shape and has six holes.
, used to trap prey. Later, with the advancement of society, it evolved into a simple musical instrument, and gradually added sound holes, and developed into a melody instrument that can play tunes.
At first, Xun was mostly made of stone and bone. Later, it was made of pottery. There are many shapes, such as oblate, oval, spherical, fish-shaped and pear-shaped. Among them, the pear shape is the most common. The top of the Xun has
The mouthpiece has a flat bottom and a sound hole on the side wall. Xun has gone through a long period of time. About four to five thousand years ago, Xun developed from one sound hole to two sound holes and can blow three tones.
Ancient wind instrument, shaped like a pear, made of clay. It first appeared about 7,000 years ago. Most of them had two-tone holes and three-tone holes. By the Yin and Shang Dynasties, the five-tone hole pottery Xun could play seven tones and some semitones.
, the pronunciation is simple, mellow and tragic.
Sheng, known as Lusha in ancient times, is a reed wind instrument originating from ancient times. It is the earliest instrument in the world to use free reeds. It produces sound through the reeds in each pipe. It is the only harmonic instrument among wind instruments and the only one that can be blown.
An instrument that absorbs and produces sound, its timbre is clear and translucent, with a wide range and strong appeal. In traditional instrumental music and Kunqu opera, the sheng is often used as an accompaniment to other wind instruments such as flutes and suona, adding pure fourths or pure fifths to the melody.
.In the modern Chinese orchestra, the Sheng can play the role of melody or accompaniment.
Drums, needless to say, appeared relatively early. Judging from the unearthed cultural relics discovered today, it can be determined that drums have a history of about 4,500 years. In ancient times, drums were not only used for sacrifices, music and dance, but also for fighting enemies and driving them away.
It is a fierce beast and is a tool for telling time and alarm. With the development of society, the scope of application of drums has become wider. National bands, various dramas, folk arts, songs and dances, boat races and lion dances, festive gatherings, labor competitions, etc. are all inseparable from drums.
A musical instrument. The structure of the drum is relatively simple, consisting of a drum head and a drum body. The drum head is the sounding body of the drum. It is usually covered with animal leather on the drum frame, and is struck or beaten to vibrate and produce sound.
There are many types of Chinese drum instruments, including waist drum, big drum, tong drum, flowerpot drum, etc.
The so-called "drum, qin, and harp" in ancient literature means that before playing the harp and harp, there is the sound of drums as a guide. The cultural connotation of drums is broad and profound. The majestic sound of drums closely accompanies human beings, and the ancient wilderness is gradually moving towards civilization.
It can be said that this design is very clever and very refreshing.
After Qin Feng carefully studied it, he directly selected it.
"Yes, this design is good!" Zhang Fuyin and others expressed their approval.
They were also very interested in the design at that time.
Chapter completed!