.Roman Eagle

To get rid of the pure national populist mentality, it has to be admitted that due to the development of history, especially the barbaric rule of the northern Chinese barbarians, Greek civilization has far exceeded that of the Chinese civilization of the future generations, and the source of Greek civilization is Babylonian civilization.

We are amazed at the longevity of Greek civilization and its remains. We regret not being able to find a city that was comparable to the Babylonian civilization two thousand years ago. But this does not mean that our civilization began in the Shang Dynasty, but actually only relied on historical sites and city-states to summarize the height of civilization. This is a wrong theory.

First, we inspect the differences between Babylonian civilization and Chinese civilization. The origin of Babylonian civilization is that the trees are not lush, while the stone is vast, with rivers flooded, and ordinary buildings are easily destroyed. Therefore, in the ancient Babylonian civilization, we often find many majestic relics. On the other hand, the origin of Chinese civilization is that the plains with few stones and abundant trees are in the plains and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. This is why the large amount of wood is used in Chinese civilization buildings.

The differences in the birthplaces of the two civilizations determine the differences in architectural styles and different ways in the historical development process. It can be concluded that the Xia Dynasty was a city-state with wooden structures as the main body and rammed earth foundation. Compared with the civilizations like Babylon and Egypt that lack trees and which use stone as the main building materials, with the development of cities and changes in geographical climate, military and other environments, the migration of city-states is very frequent, because the civilization with wood as the main building materials is easier to build a city-state.

On the other hand, the two origins of Chinese civilization and Babylonian civilization are different. In the entire field of Chinese civilization, due to the superiority of the living environment, it presented a lot of integration of different civilizations. In this process, it eventually led to the result of the Chinese civilization having a capital of 217. The capital migrations that the Xia Dynasty could record were eight times, and there were actually seven capitals. This large-scale and frequent migration of capital eventually led to the preservation of the scale and remains of the capital construction of Chinese civilization in the capital construction scale and ruins.

In a weakness. But this does not indicate that the height and scope of Chinese civilization are lower than that of Babylonian civilization. In fact, even without these city-states, Chinese civilization has been preserved by ancient characters. By the Shang Dynasty, we already had mature characters. According to the development of Babylonian civilization, mature characters appeared and upward deductions. The earliest history of Chinese civilization's city-states and characters was definitely far earlier than that of Xia Dynasty. You should know that the development of any mature characters requires at least thousands of years of city-state lifestyle.

As for the scum of the Western world and ethnic minorities, it is absolutely wrong to believe that the Chinese civilization originated at the last time among the four ancient civilizations. A Shang Dynasty with a high level of essence and level of civilization could never fall from the sky. Before it, it could not have accumulated a mature text without three thousand years of history. Among all known ancient civilizations, the oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty were the most mature and perfect, involving all aspects, and eventually evolved into Chinese characters. In the ancient Babylonian country of the same era, there were still no such mature texts.

Similarly, the origin of Chinese civilization is definitely not smarter than the ancient Babylonians. In the end, the difficulties and history in the end must be difficult and long that cannot be expressed and recorded in words.

The origin of Chinese civilization is by no means going south from the desert to the Yellow River. On the contrary, it went from the Yangtze River Basin to the Yellow River Basin. As the rice civilization fell to the millet and millet civilization, the Chinese nation finally formed in the Yellow River Basin. As the climate gradually warmed and cold, millet and millet civilization finally fell to the rice civilization. The center of the Chinese nation moved from the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin to the south.

Liu Xie had reason to believe that just as Greek civilization originated from Babylonian civilization, in the land of China, before the Chinese civilization, there must be an earlier and more brilliant civilization in the Yangtze River Basin. It was she who induced and guided the Chinese civilization.

In other words, there is a very obvious, or even unforgivable mistake in the historical view of China and the West, that is, the beginning of Chinese civilization is definitely not the Yellow River Basin, but the Yangtze River Basin, and it is only the end that Chinese civilization is formed as the main body in the Yellow River Basin.

At the Hemudu site in Zhejiang, artificially cultivated rice from 7,000 years ago was unearthed here. The Chengtoushan site in Hunan, an ancient city 6,000 years ago, an altar 6,000 years ago and a rice field from 6,500 years ago appeared here. In the Dongting Lake area, artificial rice from 8,000 to 9,000 years ago was also found. These can indicate that some civilization factors in the Yangtze River Basin were earlier than those in the Yellow River Basin.

In front of Babylon City, Liu Xie suddenly realized that he had not done something very important, that is, the archaeological work of tracing the origin of Chinese civilization.

This matter must be done. He was determined to carry out these arguments and searches after returning to the Han Dynasty, find those relics, and conduct reasonable investigations, and not pursue the extension of the origin of Chinese civilization. First of all, on the basis of sufficient historical materials today, he also needs to find the capital of the Xia Dynasty. As for the legendary capitals and relics, he must also conduct careful searches and protection.

Protecting oracle bone inscriptions in the Shang Dynasty. In this era, it is more convenient to reorganize and read than to organize them in two thousand years. There is more information to be sorted out, and the research on China will be more realistic.

As a history student, Liu Xie has too many historical memories. In the Yangtze River Basin, there are Chengdu Plain Civilization, Jianghan Civilization, and Taihu Civilization. Its representative archaeological cultures include Daxi Culture, Qujialing Culture, etc. In the Yellow River Basin, there are Ganqing Civilization, Central Plains Civilization, and Haidai Civilization. Its representative archaeological cultures include Yangshao Culture, Central Plains Longshan Culture, and Dawenkou Culture. In the northeast, there are Yanshan Regional Civilization, and its representative archaeological cultures are mainly Hongshan Culture.

.The civilizations of all regions have developed to a very high level, but later some civilizations were interrupted and some civilizations went to a trough. In the changes in natural conditions, the wheat culture represented by the Yellow River civilization is just like the mainstay, energetic, absorbed, integrated the essence of civilizations in various regions and developed to a higher level. Corresponding to the above-mentioned archaeological culture are the eras of the Five Emperors in Chinese history, namely Huangdi, Zhuanxu, Emperor Ku, Tang Yao, Yu Shun, and Taihao and Shaohao in Haidai area.

After Liu Xie plans to return to the Han Dynasty, he must advance this project of tracing the roots and truly pursue the truth of history. No matter what the truth of history is, the further degeneration of Chinese civilization and the process of promoting it to the entire world will not change.

What is important is not history. But the future. The past of Chinese civilization can only prove the glory of the past, and the future is the most critical.

(I know that when I write this passage, many boring and righteous people want to say that I am populist or something. In fact, I just make some simple judgments based on my own thinking, whether it is correct or wrong, let others prove it)

Compared with the city-states in the history of Chinese civilization, Babylon is undoubtedly a lucky ancient city. This city-state with stone as its main material has remained in the historical changes. It is located at the intersection of the Euphrates River and the Tigris River, and its more accurate location is on the east side of the Euphrates River.

As early as around BC, the Semites branch from the Syrian grasslands, the Amorites, used Babylon as their capital and established the ancient Babylonian Kingdom. After the death of Hanmorabi, the most outstanding king of the ancient Babylonian Kingdom, Babylon was constantly attacked by foreign tribes. After years of war, it was not until the end of the century BC that the Nebuchadnezzar established the Neo-Babylonian Kingdom. However, after the year, the Neo-Babylonian Kingdom was completely destroyed by the Persians. With the destruction of the Babylonian dynasty, the once prominent ancient city of Babylon gradually disappeared into the weeds.

During the Neo-Babylonian Kingdom period, Babylon was also the most magnificent and prosperous capital in the ancient Mesopotamian region. The ancient city of Babylon had two walls inside and outside. There were three most spectacular buildings in the city, namely the Palace of Nebuchadnezzar and the famous "Air Garden", as well as the Babel Tower, which was said to have shocked and angry God.

The Jews called Babylon a city "a city that offends God." This statement comes from the Bible-Old Testament. The Bible-Old Testament says that the ancestors of human beings initially spoke the same language. They found a very fertile land between the Tigris and the Euphrates River. So they settled there and built a city. Later, their days got better and better, and they decided to build a tower that could reach the sky, which was the Tower of Babel. They used bricks and river mud.

As a building material, until one day, the high tower top had rushed into the sky. God's Lord learned about this and immediately came down from the kingdom of heaven to inspect. When God saw it, he was shocked and angry, thinking that this was a symbol of human vanity. God thought that if people speak the same language, such a huge tower could be built. What else would be impossible in the future? Therefore, God decided to make the language of the world confused and make people speechless, and the city of Babylon became a "city of the land of God".

The thickness of the Babylonian city wall can turn a horse chariot. It is kilometers long and there is a city tower every time a distance. The two ends of the city wall start on the banks of the Euphrates River. On the other side of the river is the new city of Babylon, and a bridge spans the Euphrates River, connecting the new city with the main city. Therefore, this city wall is not only the main barrier used by the Babylonians to resist the enemy, but also a reliable embankment to protect the city of Babylon from the flooding of rivers. The city of Babylon has a bronze gate, so the Greek poet Homer also called the city of Babylon the "City of Hundred Gatees".

The gate of the ancient Babylonian city is called the ceremony gate, which is high and wide. The entire door is dark blue, with an arched structure on the upper part, and the two sides are connected to the remaining city walls. There are images of lions and bulls made of yellow and brown glass bricks on both sides of the door opening, which are very close to the Arc de Triomphe in Rome, but the ceremony gate in Babylon is more elegant, while the Arc de Triomphe in Rome is more magnificent.

The city gate was very solid. When the Persians destroyed the ancient city of Babylon in 2008, the city gate survived intact. After seven hundred years of erosion, the walls of the ancient city gradually fell, but the city gate was still intact. Through the city gate was a vast avenue with gray and earth-red stones on it. There are still clearly visible images of lions, bulls, etc. on the broken walls on both sides of the avenue.

The palace of Nebuchadnezzar is located on the west side of the avenue. The "Air Garden", known as one of the "Seven Wonders of the World", is in the northeast corner of the Nangong. According to legend, it was built by Nebuchadnezzar II to relieve his troubles and boredom by his Medes wife Princess Semiramis. Unfortunately, it no longer exists, leaving only a towering and huge foundation. Although some people hope to restore this miraculous building, Liu Xie refused without hesitation, because although there was no careful planning and budget for engineering reconstruction, only from the foundations of several miles, the cost of fully recovering the land is undoubtedly something that the economy of Babylon cannot afford.

The famous Babel Tower stands on the north side of the road, only a few hundred steps away from the "Air Garden". Liu Xie could only sigh softly at this Tower of Heaven. Compared with the vast number of projects, the Tower of Heaven is probably more qualified to be called the "Seven Wonders of the World" than the "Air Garden".

The Tower of Babel was originally a temple dedicated to the Babylonian god Maduk in the ancient city of Babylon. The top of the tower is the temple. There is a stone staircase that can directly lead to the temple. When worshiping God, the priest wearing a white robes climbed to the top of the tower amid the chorus accompanied by musical instruments. www.piaotian.com.com This Tower of Babel is the Babel Tower in the Bible-Old Testament. The word "Babel" is Babylonian, meaning "the gate of God."

Because its pronunciation is similar to the word "confusion" in ancient Hebrew, and the inhabitants of Babylon at that time spoke far more than one language, the Jews easily linked "linguistic chaos" with God's punishment for building towers and compiled the above story. The earliest Babel Tower in the ancient city of Babylon was destroyed when the Assyrian king Singerbu captured Babylon in BC. After the establishment of the new Babylonian kingdom, Nebuchadnezzar II ordered the reconstruction of the Tower. He ordered people to join the tower repairs of the Tower, regardless of ethnicity or region. The Babel Tower, which Nebuchadnezzar ordered to be rebuilt, has seven floors, a total height of thirty feet, and the length and width of the tower base are about thirty feet. On the top of the tower tower, there is also a spectacular temple dedicated to the Lord of Maduk, surrounded by warehouses and housing for the priests.

After the Persians completely destroyed Babylon, people still remembered the Tower of Babylon. In the year BC, when Alexander the Great occupied the already deserted Babylon, he wanted to rebuild the Tower of Babylon. However, it took 10,000 people to work for two months by removing the bricks and tiles of the abandoned tower. In the end, he had to give up this plan.

In this era, it is really a miracle in the world that people can build such a majestic tower of heaven, but compared with the Great Wall, these are nothing. They have witnessed the greatness of the Great Wall. Even the intact tower of heaven cannot understand the magnificence of the Great Wall.

Unfortunately, the only thing left in the Tower of Babel is the remains of a large square foundation covered with weeds. In the vast war, no matter how great the miracle is, it can only leave such remains. Liu Xie looked at the Tower of Tongtian and thought in his heart that it was indeed the Great Wall. How to ensure that the Great Wall did not fall down like the Tower of Tongtian has become a matter that Liu Xie needs to think about.

The first to propose the seven wonders of the world was the Phoenician traveler Antipak in the 3rd century BC. He included the pyramids of Egypt, the sky garden of Babylon, the temple of Artemis in Turkey, the statue of the giant in the port of Rhodes in Greece, the lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt, the statue of Zeus in Olympia in Greece, and the tomb of King Mosoras in Turkey.

After Liu Xie arrived in Babylon, he immediately corrected this statement to Europa and the Romans. He called the Great Wall of the Han Dynasty, the pyramids of Egypt, the statue of Zeus in Olympia, Greece, and the Alexandria Lighthouse in Egypt, collectively called the four wonders of the world. As for the Babylonian architecture and the Turkish architecture, although it was majestic, it was not shocking enough, nor enough meaning. Compared with the greatness of the Great Wall and the pyramids, and compared with the Olympic Games and the Alexandria Lighthouse, other buildings are not enough to compare with the four of them.

As for the proposal that many Romans said that Babylon's sky garden, the tower of the sky, the temple of Artemis in Turkey, the statue of the giant in the port of Rhodes in Greece, the Alexander Library in Egypt, the tomb of the King of Mosoras in Turkey, and the underground tomb of Alexander were called the seven great plots of the world. Liu Xie also came forward to warn them that these cannot be too hasty to make conclusions. The miraculous buildings of the Eastern and unknown worlds are even more magical than what they saw. Don't go out and think that the Alps are the world's first peak without going out.

After arriving in Babylon City, the Roman Eagle Alexander Severu immediately went to the Council Hall in Babylon City to meet Liu Xie secretly.

Liu Xie asked him to come to a private garden in Babylon City - a bamboo garden, and prepared a Chinese-style banquet and tea drinks to wait for the famous Roman general in this private garden of the Han merchants.

Alexander Severu hurried to visit the bamboo garden, covered in sweat. However, Liu Xie and the merchants and the Imperial College were admiring the private garden in the garden, gathered under the bamboo forest to cook tea and chat. When he saw Alexander Severu, Liu Xie looked at him and asked him to sit down nearby. Drink tea while discussing matters.

When the Han people saw Alexander Severu wearing Roman generals' clothing and armor, there were many followers following him. They thought that this person was the one the emperor was waiting for, and immediately surrendered.

After Alexander Severu and Liu Xie greeted each other, he sat down on the bench opposite Liu Xie, took the green tea sent by Liu Xie, gently drank it, and frowned, "How come it is bitter!"

Liu Xie smiled and said, "Of course it's very bitter to drink like this. You have to drink slowly!"

Alexander Severu put down the teacup and frowned and said, "It's a little unaccustomed to it, it's so bitter!"

Liu Xie had long been used to the expressions of these people not being able to drink Chinese tea, and he smiled and said, "Just get used to it!"

Alexander Severu was a military general. But he was more like a politician. After he came to Youzhuyuan, he did not directly point out his purpose. Instead, he chatted with Liu Xie about the differences between the East and the West in cultural differences, and asked Liu Xie about the differences between Eastern philosophy and military strategy and Greek culture.

Although every nation likes to regard its own culture and ideas as the center of the world, there were many foreign invasions in Europa history, and the Europa called these people barbarians, especially the Nordic nomads, they also knew their judgment of civilization. Their judging criteria are often lifestyles, the elegant and leisurely life pleasures of the Han people, the strategic military ideas, and the large-scale army with good military skills made even the Greeks who looked down on the Romans sigh and called the Han Empire an Eastern civilization. In fact, in terms of their original national consciousness, the proud Greeks can respect you as a civilized country. In the entire history, there are only Eastern civilizations. Even Egypt and Rome, the Greeks derogated them to barbarians without hesitation.

Liu Xie was too lazy to argue with them whether it was the superior Chinese civilization or the superior Greek civilization, which of the two civilizations is better, which can influence the world better and become the mainstream of world civilization. This is not just a matter of debate. It is very direct but hidden competition.

From Samurill Gortien, Alexander Severu knew that Liu Xie was the "Aristotle" of the Eastern world. He also respected Liu Xie very much. Although the two were about the same age, they discussed knowledge with Liu Xie like students everywhere.

Compared with Sameril Gortien, Alexander Severu, a student of the post-Socrates department, is obviously more knowledgeable. In addition, the two are of similar age, Liu Xie also realized that the conversation with Alexander Severu was very pleasant. Compared with Maximinus, who had the traditional pride mentality of the Romans, Alexander Severu inherited the consistent scholarly style of Greek civilization, and was proud of knowledge and erudition.

For some reason, Liu Xie quickly linked him with Xu Shu, the right general of the Han Empire. Both of them were vaguely similar, knowledgeable, talkative, modest and cautious, like scholars, more like generals.

As the conversation deepened, Alexander Severus's also gradually dared to express his ideas directly. The more they talked, the more they felt speculative, and their views on history and society were quite similar. Soon, the two talked about religion on the topic, which is an unavoidable issue in the exchanges between Eastern and Western civilizations.

Alexander Severu seemed to have become accustomed to Chinese-style tea, especially Liu Xie replaced it with the jasmine leaves. The fragrance was so strong that it left a faint fragrance. It really made Alexander Severu gradually get used to this fragrant tea. After drinking another cup, he said bluntly: "Dear Ayataki (the Greek abbreviation of Asia's Great), I have to remind you about the influence of Christianity. This is our common enemy. As a sole theistic religion, their power is too huge. Although the local religion has only appeared in recent hundreds of years, its spread speed is too fast. More than 40% of Rome are their followers. This is a very dangerous religion. Although Taoist polytheism is very strongly inclusive, it is probably not possible to confront Christianity in terms of the popularization of religious beliefs!"

Liu Xie looked at him and nodded slightly. From the perspective of the entire history, polytheistic religions ultimately cannot compete with monotheistic religions. The exclusiveness and strict doctrine of the only gods really make people unable to get rid of this kind of surrender.

Religion is an inevitable step in the process of human civilization development, in the process of idealism in the exploration of the mind and the unknown world. Polytheism is the inevitable result of the interpretation of nature by primitive society, and it is also the result of the integration of multi-tribal worship into a unified nation. Early religions in the world developed from polytheism, and the only theism is the result of the evolution of religious beliefs. In terms of thought, Taoism does have a future than Christianity and all other religions, but in terms of organizational form, Taoism is still in the polytheist stage, which is not a good thing, especially in the future of competing with Christianity for the world's mainstream religions. This is the biggest weakness of Taoism. Even with the expansion of the Han Empire, most of the world can rely on Taoism, but once the influence of the Han Empire declines, Taoism will face unprecedented shrinkage and challenges.

Alexander Severu asked again: "Dear Ayataki, do you think the Taoist doctrine is important, or is it more important to the gods it is respected?"

Liu Xie looked at Alexander Severu and did not rush to answer. With his understanding of Alexander Severu, there must be a huge foreshadowing behind this question. A nationalist who was committed to independent of the Greek-speaking world from the Roman Empire did not seek help in front of him or talk about his political views, but chose to start with religion.

Liu Xie realized that the legendary Roman eagle Alexander Severus was much smarter than Maximinus. If he was not careful, he would probably step into the trap he set.

Alexander Severu stared at Liu Xie tightly, and saw that Liu Xie did not rush to answer, but continued to drink tea calmly, but he could feel the solemnity and caution that the Asia Emperor showed before this question.

The two were silent for a long time, and Alexander Severu said: "Dear Ayataki, through the Chinese civilization spreading outside the province of Babylon, I can feel that the Han Empire is a religion-centered empire. However, compared with any known country of religion, the religion of the Han Empire shows more of the characteristics of worshipping knowledge and science. Taoism does not oppress the development of science, but instead pursues the development of science, pursues the progress of civilization, pays attention to Tao and reason. From the perspective of a politician and a lecher, this is nothing.

I suspect that it is the most superior religious consciousness I have ever seen. It will become stronger with the development of civilization and knowledge. However, in known lands such as Europa, Afriga, and Asia, it does not mean that superior civilizations can rule everything. On the contrary, backward consciousness is easier to rule everything, including Greek civilization eventually defeated by barbarians like Rome, but Rome was unable to get rid of the threat of the northern barbarians. In an era where rule and force are the priority, the result of advanced civilization may not be able to achieve stable development!"

Liu Xie glanced at Alexander Severu smartly, and asked in an extremely plain tone, "What do you mean?"
Chapter completed!