ps: The first update, yesterday, I was in poor condition, I checked a lot of information, but I didn’t write it out, sorry.＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠＠．．．．．．．．．．．．�

At this time, the fields outside the imperial village have been dug one by one, and at the same time, many large water trucks can be seen from afar.&1t;/p>

"Your Majesty, drought and flood are the irrigation aspects. We use large ponds to store water, and several imperial villages build a large pond, and each imperial village builds a small pond. In the event of drought, the pond can support it for a period of time. At the same time, irrigation ditches are built, supplemented by tube trucks and overturned vehicles. If it is flood, overturned vehicles can be drained." Xu Guangqi introduced Zhu Youxiao all the way.&1t;/p>

The barrel truck is a circular large water truck that keeps rotating under the impact of the water flow, thereby lifting the water into a relatively high ditch.&1t;/p>

Overturning is also a water lifting tool, but it can also be used for drainage and irrigation.&1t;/p>

Zhu Youxiao looked at these big buses and couldn't help but lit up his eyes. Making this thing can increase employment! It is obviously a very good construction project.&1t;/p>

"My dear, if there is a flood in life, this crash is probably not useful!" Zhu Youxiao asked with some doubts about looking at these crashes.&1t;/p>

"Your Majesty, overturning is mainly used for drainage and irrigation. The real flood control depends on the dam. If there is heavy rain in the sky, the first thing to do is to drain the water into the river. At this time, overturning will come in handy. Then, it depends on whether the river dam is strong. If the dam is disrepaired for a long time, it will cause floods." Xu Guangqi is obviously an expert in this regard, and Zhu Youxiao seems to have some experience in this regard.&1t;/p>

"That's it!" Zhu Youxiao nodded.&1t;/p>

"Currently, the embankment is mainly built by the Royal Agricultural Company during the reclaiming period. According to the "Corresponse Act" issued by the cabinet, each household will work for 20 days. It can maintain the embankment well. If it encounters a severe drought, if there is a problem with the river water withdrawal, we can also use the method of well irrigation." Xu Guangqi said, and took Zhu Youxiao to visit the well irrigation.&1t;/p>

I saw that this was a water well with a diameter of only a dozen centimeters. Zhu Youxiao asked in surprise: "What kind of well is this?"&1t;/p>

"Your Majesty, this is Zhuotong Well, and most of Sichuan salt wells are like this." Xu Guangqi introduced, and Zhu Youxiao asked strangely: "How much water can such a small well produce?"&1t;/p>

"Although this well is small, it can penetrate more than a hundred feet deep into the ground. The water withdrawal is not slow. Just insert a small tube into it and then use animal power to pull the blower out. Just one well is enough for a farmer to irrigate. In addition, in the east of Langfang, the upper groundwater is salt water, and it must be drilled deep enough to obtain fresh water. This Zhuotong well is the most suitable. Moreover, using this method to drill a well does not require much location selection, as long as it is dug, there will definitely be water." Xu Guangqi's words shocked Zhu Youxiao.&1t;/p>

Hundreds of feet?&1t;/p>

That's a few hundred meters deep!&1t;/p>

There was such a technology in ancient times?&1t;/p>

It is normal for Zhu Youxiao not to understand ancient drilling technology. He has never been exposed to this aspect. In fact, the drilling technology in ancient China was very advanced.&1t;/p>

This kind of salt well with a depth of several hundred meters was the salt well mining technology developed by Sichuan in the Song Dynasty. It is also the cease-drilling technology. The so-called cease-drilling means using a non-rotating drill bit to drill downwards. Although there was no motor to drive the drill bit in ancient times, it was still very simple to drill downwards. Human and animal power are available.&1t;/p>

This drilling technology created a drilling record of 1200 meters in the Qing Dynasty. After 1850, the Westerners drilled only a few hundred meters deep, and the history of the development was 700 years later than that of China.&1t;/p>

The world's first oil well was actually drilled in Shaanxi. By the 21st century, it can still produce 2 kilograms of oil every day.&1t;/p>

The so-called first oil well in the West was more than 20 years later than China. Westerners have always talked about the so-called Ming Dynasty. If it had existed in ancient China, they would turn a blind eye to exclude China.&1t;/p>

Su Shi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote in "Shu Salt": "All wells use machinery, and everyone knows where the profit is."&1t;/p>

Originally, this kind of drilling activity was very tiring, and the government usually drove prisoners to drill. By 1253, Sichuan first used cattle as the power to drive the car plates and replaced human power with animal power. This was undoubtedly a power reform for drilling and drilling, removing rock chips and harvesting halogen.&1t;/p>

This drilling technology is called "the fifth Ming Dynasty in China", but it naturally has its disadvantages, that is, it is difficult to drill down when encountering rock formations. After all, it is not a rotating drill, but a sudden drill. When there was no power machinery in ancient times, rotating drilling was obviously a dream. However, there were relatively few rock formations in the North China Plain. The geological structure is mainly composed of sand and clay, so it is very easy to drill. Even if it encounters a rock formation, you can continue drilling with a characteristic drill bit, which is relatively slow.&1t;/p>

Under Xu Guangqi's introduction, Zhu Youxiao quickly learned about this technology.&1t;/p>

Sichuan people mainly use Sichuan nanmu bamboo to hollow out the bamboo joints and then penetrate into the ground. First, open a large mouth and the bamboo bamboo is about 50 meters underground to isolate the fresh water underground. Then use a drill bit to open a small mouth and then punch it for dozens of meters to contact the brine.&1t;/p>

If there is a problem with the sealing of the nanzhu connecting the place and leakage occurs, it is called a "leak well" and this well will be invalid.&1t;/p>

"East from Langfang, the Zhuotong well we dug is equivalent to mining brine, which is mainly used to isolate the upper salt water and absorb the lower fresh water. In other areas of the salt water area, it doesn't matter whether this Zhuotong well leaks. As long as it is drilled deep enough, even if it is drought for ten years, there is no fear of no water." Xu Guangqi continued to explain, "Usually, as long as there is no salt water layer, in the northern Zhili area, there will be groundwater if it is drilled one zhang (about 3 meters) in some places. Even if the groundwater is deeper, it will be enough for us to drill seven zhang more. Even if it is a severe drought, it can usually be survived."&1t;/p>

The upper groundwater is open and can be replenished by rainwater. In the area along the Bohai Bay east of Langfang, seawater leaks to the upper groundwater, so it becomes salt water. At the same time, the upper groundwater will also produce a certain amount of steaming, but the steaming efficiency is relatively low.&1t;/p>

At this time, the burial depth of shallow groundwater in the North China Plain in the Ming Dynasty was very shallow, not much different from the liberation period in later generations. The water level was generally 2 to 3 below the surface. Some areas were like the front edge of the alluvial fan-shaped land in front of the mountain and the depressions between the fans, and there were many spring water distribution. This is the place where groundwater was exposed on the surface. This situation shows that the current groundwater is widely distributed, the burial is shallow, and the water volume is also very rich.&1t;/p>

Because there is no large amount of industry, urban water use, and agricultural water use mainly some earth wells, which are not dug deep. Because there is no way to dig deep, groundwater will come out as soon as you dig deep, and people cannot continue digging. Therefore, the groundwater resources in the North China Plain are simply an under-opened treasure!&1t;/p>

As long as the groundwater can be mined, I will be afraid of droughts in the late Ming Dynasty! Then, the river channel will be managed clearly and not allowed to cause floods. That will definitely ensure the harvest of drought and flood!&1t;/p>

Drilling technology is different from a dirt well. People do not need to go down the well to excavate, they can dig very deep. They can dig all the way to the lower groundwater. The lower groundwater is a relatively slow area for replenishment, but they also have a large amount of water, and the burial depth is generally less than 70 or 80 meters.&1t;/p>

Zhu Youxiao immediately realized that technology is a very good technology. Later China also used drilling to mine groundwater, and it could also reach the level of excessive mining.&1t;/p>

"If Zhuotong wells can be popularized, they can indeed solve the problem of drought. But is the cost high?" Zhu Youxiao quickly consulted. If the cost is too high, it would be useless!&1t;/p>

"If Zhuotong well is not dug deep, the construction volume is very small, mainly because of the material cost. Sichuan uses iron pipes to penetrate the bamboo underground. At present, the cost of steel is also very low, and the quality of iron pipes is not as high as that of muskets and cannons. It is easy to build. As long as it is not a salt water area, the depth of the well is at most ten feet, and even if the incoming iron pipe is leaking, it is okay to ensure that the wellhead is not blocked by soil. Two craftsmen can make a good shot in less than three days. If it is in the salt water area, it must be about thirty feet before deep groundwater can be absorbed. The incoming iron pipes must be sealed. Even if it is leaking, we can pull out the iron pipes again and replace them without abolishing. The labor required is still not much, mainly animal power and material costs."&1t;/p>

When Zhu Youxiao heard this, he was very happy. The cost is so low that it is simply a magical tool, an absolute drought-resistant artifact.&1t;/p>

The saltwater area in North China is mainly the eastern coastal area, and the groundwater in most areas is fresh water. Even in the saltwater area, the cost of iron pipes of hundreds of meters can still be afforded with the support of state machinery.&1t;/p>

"What should I do if I pump water?" Zhu Youxiao continued to ask Xu Guangqi.&1t;/p>

"Pump water with a water pump." Xu Guangqi replied.&1t;/p>

"Okay." Zhu Youxiao nodded happily.&1t;/p>

Then a group of villagers saw an iron pipe deep into a well with a bowl mouth and connected it to the water pump. Then a wooden barrel was placed below. As the villagers kept pressing back and forth, the water was pumped out through the iron pipe and flowed into the barrel.&1t;/p>

"If you pump water like this, in the drought, as long as you are diligent in watering the crops, it is enough. But the efficiency is not high! Isn't it possible to use animal power?" Zhu Youxiao asked. The water pumps in the mine use animal power to pump water, and this kind of pumping technology is relatively complete.&1t;/p>

"Your Majesty, because the wellhead is small, it takes a certain amount of time to seep water. Unless you directly hit the water layer, you can use your animal power to continuously pump water." Xu Guangqi replied.&1t;/p>

"How deep does the water layer need to be hit to have?" Zhu Youxiao asked. After all, the leakage of groundwater and the water layer are different concepts.&1t;/p>

"Some of them are hit seven or eight feet deep, while others are hit about twenty feet." Xu Guangqi had already taken the Royal Academy of Sciences to do relevant research on drilling and roughly figured out the geological conditions of North China. At this time, the emperor asked, but he could answer it.&1t;/p>

"Since the cost is not high, then just hit the water layer and use animal power to run the water pump." Zhu Youxiao decided happily, and he could not have thought that the Ming Dynasty could be so high-end! It could be used like later generations. Although there were no internal combustion water pumps and electric water pumps, if it was to ensure agricultural production, the efficiency of animal power was definitely enough.&1t;/p>

Zhu Youxiao, who has found this weapon, immediately decided to set up a Royal Drilling Team. (To be continued...)&1t;/>&1t;/p>
Chapter completed!