The sun has gone down, and there is a cool breeze blowing on the body, taking away the heat of the day. As the cool breeze blows, the whole world seems to come alive all of a sudden. The cicadas on the trees stopped chirping, and the dragonflies were flying in the dusk.

.A few bats emerged from nowhere and flew around.

Wang Xiaolie raised his head and looked at the world, and suddenly felt a strange feeling. He ordered the soldiers to get wine and food, put them under the ginkgo tree, and drank quietly by himself. In the night, while drinking, he thought about his thoughts.

When we are children, we learn a little bit of knowledge from school, from adults, and from nature, and we feel that we suddenly know what the world is like. We learn a little bit from books and learned people.

When I think about it, I feel like I now know how people should live and how the world should be governed.

As people grow up slowly, some people will understand how ridiculous and naive children's ideas are. Others will always maintain the innocence of children and think that the world is so simple. The world is simple, and people are also simple.

, living happily is natural.

And when they reached the age of eight, they sat under the tree at the entrance of the village and quietly watched the sun rise and set. In their eyes, it seemed that the world was very strange and they could keep watching until they died. If someone asked them,

What is this world like? He would say that this world is actually very simple. The so-called complexity is just the complexity of human beings.

Is the world simple or complex? In fact, it does not matter whether the world is simple or complex. The world is what it is. Can people change the world? Of course they can. People themselves are a part of the world. If they change themselves, they change the world. Changes in people have an important impact on the world.

Is the world important or not? It should be said that it is probably not important.

After drinking a glass of wine, Wang Xiaolie sighed. Recently, he always likes to sigh because Wang Xiaolie discovered that after traveling through thousands of years, there is actually no way to change the world at once. Is there a way? Of course there is.

However, it is very difficult to recognize this method and actually implement it. In fact, it is not easier than not knowing such a method.

Compared to this world, this world, sometimes human beings are really like children. You feel that you already know a lot, the laws of this world are very simple, and the world is also very simple in your eyes. If you act like an adult,

If you think carefully, you will find that you know very little. Only when you truly mature and can extend your knowledge and search for the end of knowledge will you discover the insignificance of human beings and the infinity of the world.

Someone often told a joke in the past life. If you pick a point on a number line, the probability of getting a rational number is zero, but the probability of getting an irrational number is one. In mathematical terms, you can never get a rational number, you will always get

An irrational number. This is not a quibble, this is the conclusion of mathematics. But for human common sense, this conclusion is a bit too incredible.

Things in this world are often like this. It is actually impossible to write an irrational number in a form that humans can understand. No matter how it is taken on the number line, the number that is always close is the number that cannot be confirmed with common sense.

A lot of knowledge is like this. If you beat a foot, you will get half of it in a day, and it will last forever. This sentence in Zhuangzi contains philosophy, and sometimes later generations give it a high evaluation. But if you don't consider the philosophy, just say this sentence

The content of the talk. Will it be inexhaustible for eternity? No. Because the hammer is composed of matter, and matter is composed of atoms, or smaller units. There are always numbers of the smallest units, and they will always be exhausted.

time. This is related to whether the world is continuous or quantized. Zhuangzi's words obviously think that the world is continuous, but the world is quantized. If we take half of the day, how can we take half of it? If we want to take half, just

You need to know the exact two ends. Even if the matter is quantized, it is actually impossible to accurately determine the two ends. If the two ends cannot be accurately determined, the midpoint cannot be correct, so the only way is to take half of the day. Even if it is determined

Is it possible to find the real middle between the two ends? In fact, it is impossible. The principle is similar to what was said before about how it is never possible to find rational numbers on the number line.

Most of the knowledge we can know, whether it is about nature, people, or society, is like this. It seems to make sense, but in fact it does not make sense when it is truly diverged and extended. So does knowledge make sense? Or does it?

. This is the degree.

To a certain extent, under certain conditions, this principle is correct. If it exceeds the limit, or the conditions are not met, this principle is incorrect. This sentence may seem like nonsense, but in fact,

The vast majority of people do not realize this and cannot understand it.

Degree is our observation of the world, a description based on our observation. This is objective and relevant to people. It is in line with people's understanding and the reality of the world. For example, this is red and that is white.

, this is hard, that is soft. There is no clear limit to the degree. Once the limit is set, it is no longer a degree. And the limit cannot actually be determined.

In the process of understanding the natural world, this point may not be that important. To a certain extent, human beings’ research on the natural world does not care so much about whether it is absolutely correct, but about being relatively correct. But the understanding of human beings and society clearly

Knowing the degree is very important.

In my previous life, I had to learn a lot of political, economic, geographical, and historical knowledge when I went to school. Especially in China, it was sometimes called Dragon Slaying by some people. Is this knowledge correct? Yes. But you must pay attention to this.

Correctness has degrees and conditions, and is not a truly universal truth. If you want to use the knowledge you have learned, you must clearly understand where the degree is in the previous life and where the degree is in this world. If it is not clear,

These correct principles can sometimes become life-threatening poison.

It is often said that the economic base determines the superstructure. From the perspective of history and from the overall perspective of human civilization, this is correct. But when it comes to a certain point and a certain real society, this sentence is almost always true.

Incorrect. If the superstructure consciously adapts itself to the economic base and continuously reforms as the economic base changes, the country will be stable, develop, and society will prosper. If it does not reform itself, as the economic base changes,

The superstructure will become increasingly unstable.

This is the deep logic of reform. It is not because we are lagging behind now and we need to learn from advanced countries and learn from the experience of others to carry out reform. Although the country says that reform is ongoing, many people still do not understand why it is being reformed.

In the eyes of many people, it is correct that the economic base determines the superstructure. So what kind of economic base there will be will be what kind of superstructure. They think this is self-evident. Whoever does not admit it has problems with his knowledge and vision.

There is a problem. But I don’t know that the correctness of this sentence is not based on the fact that the real world is like this. In the real world, whether it is ancient or modern, this sentence is not consistent with the facts.

We say that the world advances in waves and spirals. In the political, economic, and social fields, this is indeed the case. But in waves, there are peaks and troughs, how big or small the difference is, and whether the frequency is high or low. Spiraling

The same is true. The core reason why this sentence is correct is actually progress and rise, which shows that human society does not stand still, but moves forward. But its impact on human beings is mostly inspiring at the low peak.

Low peaks are high peaks.

Why is this so? The theory of contradiction is an explanation, but it is not complete. The other explanation is the law we have found. We believe that the correctness we find has its scope and degree. With development, reality will sooner or later

It will exceed the previous degree. This is dynamic, not static. It is not stable for ten years, nothing will change, and nothing will change after ten years.

To a certain extent, it is similar to the fact that we know that there must be rational numbers on the number line, but when we actually try to get them, we will get irrational numbers. Most of the principles we know, no matter how correct, actually do not exist in reality. Rigidly

If you do things according to the principles, you will only make mistakes. A teacher once criticized bookism, which is similar to this.

Only by understanding its spirit, drawing on its experience, and combining it with practice can we find the real way out. The principles learned in previous lives guide our world as it should be, not as it will be.

In terms of principles, the world is so simple. After hearing these principles, no matter who they are, they can talk about them and laugh at the people who do things from time to time. This is wrong, and that is wrong. We must combine the principles with the reality of the world.

Combined, the world becomes very complicated. Logically speaking, it should be like this, but it happens to be like that. This is obviously the right thing to do, but it backfires.

Wang Xiaolie thought that he had dug a river in this world, and he should be able to rush down and rush out into a big river. But it turned out that the small river hit a dam and had no way out. At this time, the real
Chapter completed!