After coming out of the supply and marketing cooperative shopping mall, several prefectures were full of admiration. Some even thought about opening one of their own when they went back. At this time, there were few businesses that made money without the government getting involved. Even if it was a government-run operation, it was not easy.

Will price the contract to individuals.

In the Song Dynasty, it was very common for shops to be owned by the government and contracted to individuals. If there was a purchase, the government would set a price, and whichever company contracted it would have to ensure that it paid the government so much money every year. If it made more money, it would belong to itself. If it made less money, it would belong to them.

It was necessary to use family wealth to make up for it. Later, a method of real-name voting appeared. That is, the government did not set a price, and the people bid. Each wrote the price and put it together, and the one with the highest bid finally won. This method was later called

In order to win, some people often give abnormal prices.

No matter which method is used, the government will definitely make a profit without losing money. No matter how the business is, the government’s share of the money must not be less. And whether it is a buy or a real-name investment, there must be a low deposit. If the money is not paid,

The government confiscated the collateral.

This form is almost never used here in Wangxiaolie. If the scale is small and it is inconvenient for the government to operate, the government will not intervene. To encourage development, it only provides preferential treatment and recruits some relevant people to form a cooperative. The cooperative is composed of private people. After it is built,

Official supervision. The government collects taxes and does not directly intervene. Those who make money and join the cooperative share the money, and they bear the loss themselves. In the words of later generations, it is a collective system.

The society economy was very popular during the Tang and Song Dynasties. There were all the people investing together and running the business together, and there were also a few people investing the money to distribute dividends according to the shares. There were various forms. This kind of economic form was rare in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, but the Chinese were not familiar with it.

. Large clubs, some are similar to later joint-stock companies, and some will hire special managers, supervisors, and shopkeepers. Some are the real operators, and the owners only distribute the money.

For large-scale projects, if the government decides to participate, it will be financed by the government, and officials will be dispatched to watch and hire people to run it. To a certain extent, this is similar to the state-owned industry and commerce of later generations. However, except for officials, there is no establishment here, so it is not an iron rice bowl.

Except that it is owned by the government, the rest is not much different from ordinary enterprises. And according to needs, it sometimes has to complete political tasks.

In the Song Dynasty at this time, it was not surprising that some large-scale industries and commerce were owned by the government. In the past, Kaifeng City had a large number of workers, even more than 10,000, in weapons production, textiles and clothing, etc.

For the ancient Chinese, there was no problem with ownership. From the perspective of the government, as long as money is made, it is perfectly natural for the government to control it. As long as there is money, it is better for the government to make money than for businessmen to make money.

When several prefects saw that the supply and marketing cooperative was doing well, they naturally thought about it. Now is the time to spend money on raising troops. As long as there is money to be made, of course they can't let it go. It's just that the territory is small, unlike Wang Xiaolie who occupies several states.

After walking a few steps, I suddenly saw several shops in front of me. Two noodle shops and three pubs, not far from each other.

Xi Yi said to Chen Yuyi: "These restaurants look big, but are they under the Xiangyang Prefecture?"

Chen Yuyi said: "What Zhizhou said is true. Two of them are from the government office, and the other three are subordinate to the Zhiji Department."

Chen Gui asked: "What's the difference?"

Chen Yuyi said: "Wang has a habit of observation. He wants to study carefully any industry. Even drinking and eating. One of the two noodle restaurants inside sells shaved noodles, and the other sells ramen noodles. Under the Production and Purchasing Department

There are dedicated people who study these and find out how to make delicious noodles. These two noodle restaurants are opened by them, and the business is booming. No one in Xiangyang has learned their methods and cannot open them. The same is true for the big tavern next to it.

Under the Production and Construction Department, they specialize in selling large pot dishes. They cook many dishes in one big pot and sell them one by one. In the Production and Construction Department, this is how the army cooks. There are specialized people who study it, so how can others do it?

Yes? So the business is good. There are two other taverns, one sells ordinary side dishes, and the other is opened by Xiangyang Prefecture and learns how to make big pot dishes."

Everyone found it strange that the business affairs of the Zhizhusi and the government offices were actually separated. I wonder what the significance was. Ordinarily speaking, isn’t the money of Xiangyang Mansion the same as the money of the Zhizhisi? Why should they be separated clearly?

The characteristic of the Song Dynasty's finances was a high degree of centralization of financial power. In principle, except for a small amount of money and food, all the money and food in the world were under the control of the imperial court. In the past, it was managed by the three departments, and later it was attributed to the Ministry of Household Affairs. In addition to official salaries, almost all local, state and county governments

All money and grain belong to the imperial court. Large quantities of them are transported to the capital every year. The remaining grain that cannot be transported is called money-saving grain and belongs to the imperial court in name.

Local governments have very little financial power. There is also ministerial money at the state level, which is used for official expenses. There is not even ministerial money at the county level. Usually, county officials have to eat good food and entertain guests, and often order the officials below to take care of it. Officials

People use their own money to buy fish and meat.

There is a saying that if you have misfortune in three lives, the county magistrate will be attached to Guo; if you do evil in three lives, you will be attached to the provincial capital of Guo; if you are full of evil, you will be attached to the capital of Guo. Some people say that this is about the situation in ancient China. In fact, it is not. This is the situation in the Qing Dynasty and other dynasties.

Not so. Ancient China has been thousands of years old, and its political system has been changed countless times. Many things cannot be summarized in one sentence from ancient times.

In the Song Dynasty, because the state had envoy money, the magistrates and county lieutenants of Fukuo County could also use it, and the treatment was better than that in other counties.

Since prefectures and counties have little financial power, Wang Xiaolie here allows prefectures and counties to collect taxes on the industry and commerce of Zhizhi. In addition, prefectures and counties are also allowed to start their own industrial and commercial businesses. Of course, they still pay taxes, but the profits belong to the local area.

In addition to political reasons, the government must make money when setting up industry and commerce. It cannot be said that if you open a shop or factory, you will lose money. How can that be done? What must be a loss must be political reasons, and additional funds are allocated, which is different from ordinary industry and commerce.

Wang Xiaolie does not treat officials harshly, and certainly he will not treat local officials harshly. Therefore, they are allowed to run industry and commerce, and even in the county, they are also allowed to have ministerial money. If they make a lot of money, they can also be divided into dividends. Unless there are special reasons, the money can be

The lawsuit will not be collected.

After hearing Chen Yuyi's explanation, everyone was surprised. Wang Xiaolie was not financially centralized. Where did the money for raising troops come from?

In fact, the industry and commerce run by the local government are leftovers that the manufacturing and purchasing department does not want. If they are not run by the local government, they are run by businessmen. If they open the same shops as the manufacturing and purchasing department and squeeze out the business of the manufacturing and purchasing department, there will be nothing to say. Everyone

If the construction and purchasing department with superior resources can't do it in the state and county, what other excuses can there be? Should it be closed down because of incompetence?

Of course, the magistrates would not enter such a small shop. In the past few days, apart from eating in the Yamen, they would go to the largest restaurant, Jiangbian Restaurant. After asking Chen Yuyi, they found out that there was no noodle shop selling noodles here.

A few people were curious and ordered some copies to be sent to the restaurant.

Walking in Xiangyang City, the more people looked at it, the more strange it became. Business here is prosperous, but the model is different from other places. Although there is a large number of government-run industry and commerce, it is not prohibited for civilians to do it. Some people are clever and clever, and they can control the officials.

The skills learned in the business are very similar, and business is booming. The government only collects taxes and will not crack down on them.
Chapter completed!