Feng Chu Pang Tong,

Compared with Fulong Zhuge Liang, Pang Tong is a tragic figure. Because he passed away too early, his life ambitions were gone without having time to display, which always made future generations sigh.

Pang Tong's life

Pang Tong (179-214), whose courtesy name was Shiyuan and his pseudonym Fengchu, was a native of Xiangyang, Jingzhou (now Xiangyang City, Hubei Province) during the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was an important adviser under Liu Bei. He was appointed as the military advisor General with Zhuge Liang.

According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Pang Tong was very ugly. He was simple when he was young and did not look particularly smart. At that time, Sima Hui of Yingchuan was good at identifying people, and Pang Tong went to see him when he was twenty years old. Sima Hui sat on a mulberry tree to pick mulberry trees, while Pang Tong sat under the tree. The two talked to each other from day to night, talking endlessly. Pang Tong looked at the problem very thoroughly. Sima Hui was very surprised by Pang Tong, saying that no one in Jingzhou could compare with him. Because of these comments by Sima Hui, Pang Tong gradually became known.

Later, Pang Tong defected to Liu Bei and assisted Liu Bei to enter Sichuan together. He planned three secret plans for Liu Bei to occupy Sichuan: "Select elite troops, run day and night, and directly attack Chengdu directly, which can be determined in one fell swoop. This is the best plan; Yang Huai and Gao Pei were famous generals in Shu, with elite troops under their command, and they were guarding the pass. We could pretend to want to go back to Jingzhou and lead their light cavalry to send them, but then they captured and killed them, and then advanced to Chengdu, which was the way to the trap; return to Baidi, lead Jingzhou, and slowly advance to Tuyi

This is the next plan. If you hesitate, there will be a great disaster and you cannot stay here for a long time." Liu Bei finally adopted the plan. When attacking Luo County, Pang Tong led his people to attack the city, but unfortunately died by a tragic arrow. At the age of 35, he was posthumously awarded the title of Guannei Hou and posthumously named the Marquis of Guannei. Later, the place where Pang Tong was buried was named Luofengpo. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" said that Luofengpo first and Fengchu's death. The narration was reversed to attract attention and full of superstition.

The tomb of Pang Tong is also known as the Dragon and Phoenix Temple. It was built by Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, and is located in Baima Pass, Luojiang County, Deyang City, Sichuan Province. It was restored in the 30th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1691). It has an existing gate, the main hall, the pavilion on both sides, and the Feng Temple. Outside the temple is the tomb. The tomb is surrounded by thousands of pine and cypress trees, lush and picturesque scenery. The main gate is engraved with a couplet: "I knew that the fallen phoenix was left to the previous emperor, but I was willing to let the lielong be an old minister."

The touchstone of the three countries' talent test

During the Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms, the world was in conflict. All the princes who had the heart of dominance were eager to seek talent and used various means to win over the world's talents for their own use, hoping to occupy a favorable position in the cruel annexation war. The use of Pang Tong, the Feng Chu, who was known as "the dragon and phoenix chick who could be at peace with the world", was like a mirror, which immediately reflected the level of the princes' grasp of talents.

First, he tried Liu Biao's eyes and no beads. Liu Biao was more than eight feet tall, with a gentle and magnificent appearance. He was well-known in the world when he was young and ranked among the "Eight Tribes". He taught scriptures and studies, loved the people and raised scholars, and was calm and self-protection. However, Liu Biao was suspicious of human nature, better than talking, and had self-confidence, but had no ambitions in all directions. Under his rule, Fu Longfeng Chu lived in seclusion in the mountains and forests of Xiangyang for many years without being known to him. If Liu Bei had not visited the crowd frequently, Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong would have died of old age in the thatched cottage. Therefore, after Liu Biao's death, his political and military group immediately fell apart.

The second is to try Sun Quan's judgment of people by appearance. Let's say that the great commander Zhou Yu under Sun Quan was suddenly destroyed. The adviser Lu Su recommended Pang Tong to Sun Quan and said, "This person is astronomy and geography; his strategy is not reduced to management, and his joy can be combined with Sun and Wu. In the past, Zhou Gongjin used his words many times, and Kong Ming was deeply convinced of his wisdom. Now in Jiangnan, why not use it seriously!" Sun Quan was overjoyed and said, "I have heard of his name for a long time. Now that I am here, I can invite him to meet him." So Lu Su invited Pang Tong to meet Sun Quan.

After the ceremony, Sun Quan saw Pang Tong's thick eyebrows and nose, black face and short beard, and described it as strange. He felt very uncomfortable, so he asked Pang Tong: "How is Gong's talent and knowledge better than Gongjin?" Pang Tong smiled and said, "What I learned is very different from Gongjin." Sun Quan was very unhappy after hearing this and asked Pang Tong to retreat. Lu Su asked, "Why don't the lord use Pang Shiyuan?" Sun Quan said, "This is a madman, I swear not to use it." In the use of talents, simply judging people by appearance is a taboo. Sun Quan, who has always been aware of talents and is good at selecting young cadres, committed this time this time!

The third is to try out Liu Bei's short-sighted vision. Compared with Sun Quan, Liu Bei was slightly stronger than Sun Quan, so he did not immediately let him retreat, but instead sent Pang Tongan to Leiyang as the county magistrate. Later, there was a story about Pang Tong lying drunk and abolishing the government in Leiyang and Zhang Fei went to arrest him. Pang Tong handled all the more than a hundred days of affairs in less than half a day, and Zhang Fei was very impressed. Then Zhuge Liang recommended that Liu Bei appointed Pang Tong as the deputy military advisor General and made plans with Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei was displaced throughout his life. He had just obtained Xichuan and his career improved, and he was defeated in the Qiting. This was not accidental, but inevitable! It was because Liu Bei's short-sighted vision that Xuzhou, Jingxiang, and even sent Pang Tong to Leiyang were the same version.

Fourth, we have tried Cao Cao's knowledge of talents and use talents. When Cao Cao heard that Mr. Fengchu came, he personally went out to welcome him in, and sat down with the host and asked Pang Tong: "Zhou Yu was young, and he bullied the people with talent, so he did not use good plans. Cao had heard of his master's name for a long time, and now he was welcomed to be kind to teach me." Then he prepared a horse and invited Pang Tong to visit the dry village and water village. Pang Tong and Cao Cao climbed high and looked at him. Pang Tong said: "Back to the mountains and forests, looking forward and backward, there was a door to go in and out, and the advance and retreat were twists and turns. Even though Sun, Wu was born again and Rang Ju came back, he would not

This is beyond this." Cao Cao said: "Sir, don't get too much praise, I still hope to give advice." How respectful Cao Cao was at this time! Although Pang Tong made a series of tricks to cheat Cao Cao, he didn't hear that Cao Cao was so angry that he gritted his teeth for Pang Tong. In terms of identifying and employing people, Liu Biao was naturally no problem. Cao Cao was obviously superior to Sun Quan and Liu Bei. The "time" occupied by Cao Mengde was not given by God, but the "time" created by his own wise eyes.

Pang Tongzhi commented

Pang Tong's death was a young man, which often made future generations regret. Now we have compiled the relevant comments as follows:

Pang Tong's self-evaluation: "About the remaining strategies of kings and dominance, I seem to have a long time to look at the key points of reliance." Sima Hui said: "The crown of the scholars in the Nanzhou Province. The virtue and public are truly knowledgeable, which is indeed a great virtue. Those who know the current affairs care about the heroes. There are Fulong and Fengchu here." Lu Su's recommendation letter is written like this: "The scholars are not a hundred miles away. If they are responsible for the management, they should first show their horses' foot." Zhuge Liang, who is also known as "Fulong and Fengchu", said: "Pang Tong, Liao Li, and Chu's good talents, should praise the world's business."

The final conclusion of historian Chen Shou: "Pang Tongya is a good person, and he is a classical scholar. In Jing, Chu called him Gao Jun. Fa Zheng saw success or failure, and had strange plans, but he was not praised for his virtue. Wei ministers, Xun Yu, Zhongshu, correct his journey, and Guo, and Li, evil?"

Pei Songzhi, the author of "The Three Kingdoms Notes", said: "Although the plan to attack Liu Zhang was based on the rule of justice, it was successful. It was originally a strange way. If you feel guilty, then your feelings will be resentful. Therefore, you heard the words of "being happy" and you did not realize it and responded. You were in a banquet and had a happy time, and you were happy and miserable. You were competing with King Wu, and you had no shame. This was a mistake but was not a mistake. His words were "both the king and the ministers were lost" were probably divided into slanderous words."

Li Guangdi of the Qing Dynasty commented: "Pang Shiyuan is interested in talent and refuses to ask for full blame. This mind can be called "Feng Chu".

After Pang Tong's death, there was a nursery rhyme saying: "A phoenix and a dragon, and the minister is about to reach the middle of Shu. Halfway through the journey, the phoenix died and fell to the east of the slope. The wind brought rain, and the rain followed the wind. When the Han Dynasty was prosperous, the Shu road was open, and when the Shu road was open, there was only the dragon."

Sad husband Pang Shiyuan!
Chapter completed!