Chapter 15 Subsea Precious Metal Nodules and Rare Earths
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Zhang Meng knew that most of manganese nodules and cobalt crusts existed on the seabed of the Pacific Ocean, which was the unique geographical advantage of the Tang Empire. Developing submarine mineral resources can not only avoid the enemy's blockade, but also occupy the world's commanding heights in equipment manufacturing in advance.
Especially in the mid- and late World War II, the materials used for aircraft shells, aircraft carrier special steel decks, electronic radar equipment, tank tracks and armor, submarine deep submersible pressure-resistant shells, etc. Almost every piece of military equipment requires a large amount of rare metals to improve strength, toughness, metal conductivity, etc. The core material is huge precious rare metals such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, and titanium.
Zhang Meng has always been very happy to do things that win multiple goals in one fell swoop.
In the 1920s, although countries did not pay attention to the collection of manganese nodules and cobalt crusts under the seabed, marine scientific research institutions in various countries were conducting related explorations and equipment research and development.
Among them, the United States adopts the pump suction method, which is to develop a super-power centrifugal pump installed on the ship, connect a 4-meter-long tube with a diameter of 6,000 meters to extend to the seabed at the inlet of the pump, and starts the centrifugal pump with mud and water to suck the ore onto the ship, and then separates the ore. This method does too much useless work and is too costly. However, this method can be used for salvage for military purposes or other deep-sea purposes.
The Soviet Union adopted the air lifting method and equipped the ship with a high-power, high-pressure (>60Mpa) air compressor, allowing a 5-meter-diameter and 6,000-meter-long main pipe to extend into the seabed. A 78 mm diameter and 6,000-meter-long sub pipe was fixed outside the main pipe. The sub pipe bent back into the main pipe from the front end of the main pipe (sea surface) back into the main pipe. When the main pipe approaches the surface of the seabed, high-pressure air enters the main pipe from the sub pipe and rises in the main pipe. Since the air is insoluble in water and the specific gravity of the air is lighter than seawater, it can form negative pressure at the end of the main pipe. Continuously moving the main pipe, the ore, silt and water on the surface of the seabed are sucked into the ship together. At present, the efficiency of collecting ores at 3,000 meters deep is OK, but if it is deeper, it is not possible.
Japan adopts the continuous rope fighting method, which is to install two huge sky carriage rotors (one on both sides of the hull) on the mining ship. There is a nylon rope with a diameter of 80 mm on the rotor. The nylon rope is 16,000 meters long and is connected to form a rope ring. A mining bucket is fixed every 100 meters apart on the nylon rope. When the mining ship moves forward, the sky carriage rotor rotates, and the mining bucket continuously shovels the ore into the bucket and turns it to the upper part of the sky carriage to pour out the ore. This method is inefficient and has too high leakage rate.
France uses the underwater shuttle boat method, while Germany uses the underwater crawler mining collector. These two methods can only be collected around 2,000 meters, and are too science fiction and not very practical.
Zhang Meng first rejected the method of collecting tuberculosis in the deep seas of these two countries. In addition, the Japanese method was quickly rejected by Zhang Meng. His eyes had always skipped the Japanese's things.
Finally, Zhang Meng called Tesla to help him with advice, believing that the American pumping method and the Soviet air lifting method were the same. The key equipment of these two methods was vacuum pump technology. Zhang Meng just happened to have talents and equipment in this area. The Quincy Air Compressor Company, which he had previously acquired, also made vacuum pumps.
So Zhang Meng asked the George brothers and John Carter and explained the situation to them. After they conducted in-depth analysis and experiments, they quickly came up with a satisfactory plan.
Deep-sea mining collectors are the name of the new equipment they redesigned based on the advantages and disadvantages of the pump suction method and the air lift method. The equipment is designed to weigh 280 tons, with a total power of 2500KW, a vacuum pump with a pressure of 7 Newton per square meter to ground and a 5,000-ton hydraulic press, with a length of 6,000 meters and a diameter of 5 meters, 0.8 meters and 0.6 meters respectively. Among them, a mining shovel is installed at the mouth of the main pipe, and a flat shovel teeth are installed, and a stirring blades are installed in the middle to collect manganese nodule ore. Remove the anti-sink plate and agitation blades, and install a sharp shovel teeth with gaps, and then a multi-metal sulfide ore can be mined. Change the sharp shovel teeth to flat shovel teeth to peel off the cobalt crust ore.
In order to achieve this goal, the other two pipes are sucked and put into use by vacuum pumps and hydraulic presses to control the opening and closing of the shovel and movement left and right. If necessary, a deep-sea submersible motor can be used to provide reset operations.
According to the design indicators, the success rate of the equipment for collecting manganese nodule ore is 98% (because the conditions for the manganese nodule ore are too harsh), the success rate of peeling cobalt crust ore is 99% (the landform is relatively complex), and the success rate of mining polymetallic sulfide ore should be 99.9% (the polymetallic sulfide ore is piled in blocks on the seabed about 3,000 meters).
At the foot of the Tang Empire are volcanic islands and coral islands, with an average water depth of 4 to 6 kilometers. They are the areas where manganese nodules and cobalt crusts are most likely to be enriched. In theory, these nodules are arranged densely next to each other on the seabed, and each equipment produces 500 tons per day. Moreover, every year, sea water brushes the volcano, coral polyps decompose and dust from the universe land, so that the finished area will soon be re-enriched, which is an inexhaustible energy source.
Once the design of the submarine mining mining collector was completed, Zhang Meng immediately ordered the development of equipment and purchased more than 20,000-ton large transport ships from the United States, and converted them into marine mining ships.
Although subsea nodules are rich in rare industrial metals, which can meet the future production and manufacturing of high-tech equipment in the Tang Empire, the most basic thing is steel. Although Zhang Meng took advantage of the US economic crisis to hoard steel on a large scale, it will be used up for a day sooner or later. Moreover, American steel cannot keep lowering prices. When Americans can't stand it, they will start to depreciate the US dollar and increase the price of steel. At that time, Zhang Meng did not dare to hoard steel materials on a large scale.
In order to develop continuously in the future, Zhang Meng sold the iron and coal mines in the United States at the beginning. Because Zhang Meng did not believe in the Americans, transporting ore from the United States to the Tang Empire was far less than coming from Australia, so Zhang Meng bought many mines in Australia, only some of which have been discovered and developed, and most of them are located in undeveloped places in Western Australia.
The mining rights of these undeveloped places are very cheap, so Zhang Meng picked some super-large mines and bought them. Several mining companies, including Ossi, were all wholly acquired by Zhang Meng using various means. Among them, Northern Minerals owns the largest iron-rich mine in Western Australia in the future. Olin Metals has a large rare earth mine in Western Australia, which is 10 times the rare earth reserves of Baiyun Obo, Inner Mongolia, China. It is rich in species and almost all metal elements of the rare earth family. Hastin has scandium mines in Queensland, and only a few countries are rich in scandium. It is mainly used to make aluminum alloys for bicycles and space shuttles, and it is also a raw material for pistols, lasers and high-brightness light bulbs.
These mines were purchased in advance by Zhang Meng, and some have already started mining. However, the rare earth processing factories of the Tang Empire have not been built yet, and it will take a year to start production and extract most of the rare earth elements. A few rare earth elements are still in the laboratory stage, and they will have to wait at least two or three years before they can be refined.
Just as Zhang Menggao happily deployed the strategic material reserve plan, bad news came.
"Reported, I found that Luo Shanshan has entered the country!"
Zhang Zhong came hurriedly and immediately notified Zhang Meng about the discovery of Luo Shanshan entering the Tang Empire.
What a dog's nose!
When Zhang Meng learned that Luo Shanshan had entered the country, he immediately felt that she must have smelled something.
"Do you want to make her?"
"Find out who else is around her. If the information she has not been reported yet, kill her, otherwise don't alert her!"
"I understand! I'll do it now!"
Luo Shanshan's appearance made Zhang Meng feel a little uneasy. Because Luo Shanshan is a favorite student of Kamei. As the world's top detective, she would not have come here if she had not obtained some evidence.
Chapter completed!