Chapter 591 [Dragon Coin Quantitative Easing] Spend money from other countries
For mechanized troops of armies around the world, because large-scale mechanized operations are rarely carried out in bitter and cold areas, it is difficult for them to avoid the impact of the natural disaster of cold and cold.
The foresighted Emperor Chen Hao of the Chinese Empire ordered the Imperial General Equipment Department to develop antifreeze, and finally realized his wish in November of the 41st year of Guanghua.
The Chinese Emperor's Party has developed a series of antifreeze protection technologies for antifreeze and equipment. In view of the fuel's own antifreeze, the Chinese Empire has developed various antifreeze fuels of various labels. Since the general condensation point of gasoline is around minus 75 degrees Celsius, it is basically not necessary to develop antifreeze gasoline. The only antifreeze gasoline is Negative 95, which is specially used for polar scientific investigation vehicles (the lowest temperature in Queens State of Antarctica in 1941 was minus 92 degrees Celsius).
The only thing that needs to be treated with antifreeze technology is diesel. Due to the high thermal efficiency and economical factors of diesel, major powers in the world are vigorously developing diesel engines and diesel-powered locomotives. Most of the vehicles of the Imperial Army use diesel, which can save the army a considerable amount of military expenditure. Diesel is the most unlucky, so it is necessary to develop diesel marks for use at various temperatures.
Since the territory of the Chinese Empire spans the entire north and south poles of the earth and covers all temperature zones, the requirements for diesel use at different temperatures are also the highest in the world. Before this, the Chinese Empire had developed No. 10 (specially supplied in a few extremely hot areas), No. 10, No. 10, No. 20 and No. 30 diesel, of which No. 30 diesel is mainly used in the cold northern part of the Chinese Empire.
However, for the Imperial Chinese Army, the Navy and Air Force are global mobile arrival forces, while the Army has just solved the problem of combat in desert areas, but are still unsure of combat in polar cold areas. The main reason is the freezing problem of motorized troops' vehicles in cold areas.
Zhang Ting brought cooperation between the General Equipment Department and Beiyang Technology Heavy Industry, and mainly developed diesels with negative 40, negative 50, negative 60 and negative 90, as well as anti-coagulant agents in the pipeline used to prevent condensation of the vehicle cooling system.
Diesel of various labels has no much to do with its mass. The difference in labels is only different based on the content of antifreeze added at different temperatures. Since the minimum winter temperature in a considerable part of the eastern part of the northern border (Siberia) of the Chinese Empire reached minus 83 degrees below the Arctic minimum temperature), the Chinese Emperor had to develop extremely expensive minus 90 diesel to solve the problem of condensation in diesel in this area.
The biggest difficulty of anticoagulant is that it must ensure that the condensation temperature is lower than the temperature of the environment, and it must not affect the overall combustion value and economic and practical performance of diesel. At the same time, it cannot cause corrosion, blockage and other problems to the engines and pipelines of vehicles. Previously, major chemical companies in the Chinese Empire basically used calcium chloride (cl2), methanol (ch3oh), ethanol (c2h5oh, commonly known as alcohol) and other materials as the main raw materials for anticoagulant. However, for the Dixie Prescription, methanol and ethanol have extremely strong volatile properties. They are not suitable for use in the north. At the same time, the cost, safety and practicality of these anticoagulant raw materials are not ideal.
Therefore, the Di** side organized hundreds of top chemical and physical experts to set up a special anticoagulant development team to develop new anticoagulant raw materials. After three months of research, it finally developed mainly based on ethylene glycol (c2h4(oh)2, commonly known as sweet alcohol), glycerol (c3h5(oh)3, commonly known as glycerol, etc., and added a comprehensive antifreeze that purifies and softens water, which solved the antifreeze and anticoagulant problems of water tanks, engines, and oil tanks at one time, and met the safety, anti-scaling, anti-corrosion, anti-freeze and other conditions required by the military. At the same time, large-scale industrial production can greatly reduce the cost of use.
Due to the confidentiality of technology, the Chinese Imperial Party and the contracted production company reached a confidentiality agreement. All these antifreezes are used for use in the Imperial Party's vehicles and are not open to the public for the time being.
The first batch of 10,000 tons of antifreeze was supplied to the Imperial Party in December, and was urgently deployed by the Imperial Party to the front-line combat readiness duty troops in the major military regions in the northern part of the Empire.
With antifreeze and high-grade diesel, the armored forces in the north of the Empire finally stopped wintering and resumed military training and combat exercises with the same intensity as in summer, thus ensuring the combat effectiveness of the Imperial Army in winter and becoming the only army in the world that can conduct mobile combat in high-altitude areas, making the Imperial Army truly realize that it has become the world's first unit with the ability to fight all-weather and all-regional operations.
In the past few years since the outbreak of World War II, although the Chinese Empire did not participate in the war because it strictly adhered to neutrality, the Chinese Empire had transferred to a quasi-wartime mechanism, that is, the Chinese Empire's government did not announce its entry into a wartime state. However, in order to make money from war, major companies and enterprises in the empire had independently entered the wartime economic model. They concentrated all funds to produce various materials needed for war, and then exported them to various belligerent countries to make profits.
Although the Soviet Red Army had the largest number of tanks, aircraft and cannons in the world before the outbreak of the Soviet-German War, the German army participating in World War II was second, the US army third, the French army fourth, the British army fifth, and the Chinese Emperor who did not participate in the war was only sixth. But that was mainly because the Chinese Emperor team did not enter the state of war, so in terms of the number of tanks, aircraft and cannons, the Chinese Emperor only maintained the most basic deterrent number, which was due to the consideration of the burden on the national economy, and the impact of military expenditure on the national economic development as much as possible, so that the national economy could develop at the fastest speed.
In fact, in recent years, the Chinese Empire still had the largest production scale in the world in tanks, aircraft and cannons. During the outbreak of World War II, the Chinese Empire produced a total of 26,000 tanks, 13,000 tanks, 36,000 aircraft, and mortars of various caliber were as high as 107,000. The production volume of other types of weapons and equipment such as light and heavy machine guns, submachine guns, rifles, pistols, grenades, mines, helmets, military boots, etc. was also the world's first. However, such a huge amount of military supplies was not equipped to the Chinese Empire team. Instead, it was exported and directly transferred to various warring countries to earn foreign exchange.
As the imperial government drew huge amounts of funds to the military, the military can finally expand its military. Due to export control regulations, many military-industrial enterprises cannot export high-tech weapons and equipment to foreign countries, so they hope that the Imperial Party will introduce a large-scale military purchase bill so that they can sell the advanced weapons and equipment they have carefully prepared to the Imperial Party.
In terms of the army, the m36 Tiger King heavy main battle tanks among the main combat equipment of the Chinese Empire were expanded to 8,620, m28a3 Leopard medium main battle tanks were expanded to 27,800, m35 Hound light main battle tanks were expanded to 6,450, w30 series wheeled infantry fighting vehicles were expanded to 53,500 (including various types of battlefield support vehicles), and z29 series anti-tanks (including self-propelled artillery) tanks were expanded to 25,000. 9,800 armed helicopters, 6,000 sets of snowstorm multi-barrel rocket launchers, 62,000 anti-aircraft anti-aircraft guns, various field infantry artillery, mortars, and 126,000 artillery guns in each caliber. With m2 (12.7 mm caliber)
There are 64,000 heavy machine guns, 220,000 light machine guns mainly m15 (6.5 mm caliber), 8 million assault rifles mainly m16 (6.5 mm caliber), 8 million automatic rifles mainly m21, 7 million pistols mainly m11, 1.5 million individual radio units (equipped to squad platoons), 300,000 individual rocket launchers (equipped to squad platoons), 300,000 m29 series sniper rifles (including anti-tank sniper rifles, also equipped to squad platoons), 10 million sets of steel helmets, body armor, military uniforms, military boots, etc., as well as an ammunition reserve of up to 1.66 billion tons that is sufficient for the Imperial 2.5 million standing army to continue to fight for one year.
For the army's individual equipment, the most prominent one is the 6.5mm caliber m16 assault rifle. This assault rifle has a capacity of 30 rounds. It can be used as a rifle for point shooting, or block light machine guns for assault strafing and continuous shooting. Just when the army around the world is using rifles as infantry weapons, the Imperial Chinese Army has already achieved large-scale assault rifles equipped with infantry, and its firepower has increased several times at once.
Of course, it can be seen from the fact that the Imperial Chinese Army still purchases a large number of rifles that the actual combat performance of the m16 assault rifle is not perfect and a long rod rifle is needed as a supplement.
In the Navy, the Imperial Navy has not increased the construction of battleships in the Gulf of Finland Battle, but has not increased the construction of aircraft carriers, because the existing battleships and aircraft carriers of the Imperial Navy are strong and there is no need to be added for the time being. However, due to concerns about future fleet air defense, the Imperial Navy has increased the number of Chinese ASCHENG Air Defense Heavy Cruisers. The original average large battleship is equipped with one ASCHENG Air Defense cruiser and two air defense destroyers to one main ship equipped with two ASCHENG Air Defense cruisers and four destroyers escort.
In terms of aircraft carriers, the Imperial Navy has accelerated the deployment of jet fighters on aircraft carriers and put jet fighters on board training, and urged the naval shipyard to speed up the completion of the Tarzan nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. The expansion of f-6 (wildcat) carrier-based fighters to 1,200, one-third of which are two-seat. F-8 (Osprey) torpedo bombers, of which 200 are two-seat.
In terms of submarines, the Imperial Navy has accelerated the construction of Song-class conventionally powered submarines to 300. At the same time, the Yuan-class nuclear-powered attack submarines have also accelerated the sea trial speed and are looking forward to serving the Imperial Navy as soon as possible.
In terms of the air force, the Imperial Air Force plans to expand combat aircraft on a large scale. Among them, the J11 series fighter fighter jets are expanded to 8,000, A-5 strike fighter jets, 5,000 B-2 (Mortang) tactical bombers, 2,000 H-7 (Air Fortress) strategic bombers, and 4,000 P40 Shanying combat trainers.
In addition, the Imperial Air Force still produced 8,000 propeller combat aircraft as supplementary. Of course, if no supplementary is needed, it can be sold directly to foreign countries.
On the surface, the Imperial Air Force has significantly fewer combat aircraft than the air forces of Europe and the United States, but the Imperial Air Force aircraft are already the second generation of jet aircraft, and are not comparable to the propeller aircraft of mainstream air forces in Europe and the United States.
In addition, it can be seen from the large expansion of the number of combat trainers in the Imperial Air Force, that the Imperial Air Force has accelerated the training of pilots. Although the Chinese Empire dominated the world aviation industry for nearly 40 years and trained millions of excellent pilots, considering that the air forces of European and American countries are expanding explosively, the Imperial Air Force also had to expand in order to ensure its absolute air dominance.
At this time, the Chinese Empire's Air Force had 640,000 standing personnel, including 400,000 local and 240,000 major overseas bases. According to the latest orders of the Imperial General Staff, the Imperial Air Force must be expanded to at least 1.12 million to ensure that the absolute air hegemony is not shaken.
For the Imperial Sky Army, its scale is also expanding, from the existing 42,000 to 110,000, various types of missiles have been expanded to 1,220, and warhead reserves are 1,300, including 42 nuclear warheads of various equivalents. The minimum atomic warheads of 50,000 tons, and the maximum is 800,000 tons of tn-t equivalent hydrogen warheads.
The war reserve work of the Four Army of the Chinese Empire's Army, Navy, Air and Space Army was officially launched from the end of the 41st year of Guanghua and was planned to be completed by the end of the 42nd year. By then, the Imperial Chinese team will reach a very strong level.
Putting aside military affairs, the Chinese Empire's total economic output at the end of 1941 accounted for 53% of the world, and the total industrial output value accounted for 45% of the world, three times the total industrial output value of Germany and more than the total industrial output value of the entire Allied countries. This is the result of the fact that the Chinese Empire did not fully enter the wartime economic model. If the Chinese Empire entered the wartime economic model, the total industrial output value created by the 500 million population would be very terrifying.
However, at this time, the Chinese Empire's economy had a very serious bottleneck, that is, the money supply has never been able to meet the market's monetary demand. Especially after the outbreak of World War II, this situation intensified every day. On the one hand, because the Chinese Empire exported various materials on a large scale, Western, European and American countries urgently needed various war materials. However, the Chinese Empire only collected dragon coins and real silver. This transaction forced countries to export their own cheap mineral resources, human resources and agricultural products to the Chinese Empire in exchange for dragon coins from the Chinese Empire.
This rapid economic cycle has exacerbated the insufficient supply of dragon coins, and the Chinese Empire Congress also disagrees on the issue of strictly linking dragon coins and gold. The gold standard is already impacting the economic development of the Chinese Empire.
In the 41st year of Guanghua, the broad currency circulation of the Chinese Empire was 8 trillion dragon coins, of which 3 trillion dragon coins used for international circulation accounted for 3 trillion dragon coins. The gap in the Chinese Empire used for trading in the whole year was as high as 2.6 trillion dragon coins, and gold and silver obtained from European and American countries could only supplement 1.1 trillion dragon coins. In addition, the transaction of the 1.5 trillion dragon coins was actually carried out in the situation of barter and credit. This brought obstacles to the economic development of the empire, and the credit situation would also pose considerable risks.
In addition, during the war, countries' payment of various patent fees for the Chinese Empire basically stagnated, especially the largest alternating current patent fees. In fact, various military equipment are being copied and produced. Governments of various countries refuse to disclose the specific amount on the grounds of military confidentiality. This patent fee cannot be found out due to war relations, which greatly reduced the patent fee income of the Chinese Empire.
Governments of various countries almost wrote IOUs to the Chinese Empire, or directly paid for it in their respective currencies. The currencies of various countries have a great risk of depreciation. In fact, it is equivalent to deliberately lying to pay the Chinese Empire.
In this case, the Chinese Empire government refused to accept the currencies of various countries. However, in order to better sell goods to various countries, private merchants had to accept the currencies of various countries. In fact, the Chinese Empire's private citizens were constantly increasing their holdings of currencies of various countries, bearing the risk of depreciation of currencies of various countries.
In order to avoid the economic losses of the imperial citizens in foreign exchange, the imperial government should increase the issuance of dragon coins to hedge the depreciation of currencies in various countries, but this requires the Chinese Empire to abandon the gold standard.
To this end, the imperial government and Congress kept communicating, and a debate war on this issue was once again set off a parliamentary debate war. The members who supported the abandonment of the gold standard considered the economic interests of the imperial import and export traders, while the members who opposed the abandonment of the gold standard were based on the interests of the domestic people. Since ancient times, the issuance of currency has been a contradiction in foreign trade export profits and domestic prices. Increasing the issuance of currency will naturally stimulate foreign trade exports, but will increase domestic inflation. On the contrary, reducing the supply of currency volume will shrink and domestic inflation will decrease.
The biggest source of profit for the Chinese Empire lies in exports, which are all caused by the outbreak of war. But sooner or later, the war will end, and inflation during the war will cause trouble after the war.
Whether it is support or opposition, it is based on the interests of the imperial citizens. Therefore, when the parliament was quarreling endlessly, the imperial emperor Chenhao intervened for the first time.
With Wang Chenhao's intervention, the Imperial Congress reached a temporary agreement, that is, to temporarily increase the issuance of dragon coins to hedge against the general depreciation of international currencies and expand the imperial export trade. However, major banks in the Imperial Empire will supervise the domestic price level and inflation level, and once foreign trade profits cannot make up for domestic inflation losses, they will be stopped immediately. Major banks in the Imperial Empire will recover the excess dragon coins in the market as soon as possible.
In fact, Wang Chenhao means that the imperial government adheres to the gold standard and gives the national and international community an asset security guarantee. In fact, the empire's gold and silver reserves cannot meet the normal exchange standard for the issuance of Dragon Coins, that is, the dragon coins no longer use gold reserves as the issuance benchmark, and rely entirely on national credit to maintain the stability of the currency value.
Of course, there is another more important reason, that is, the Chinese Empire is ready to intervene in World War II. Once it participates in the war, the military expenditure will be astronomical. The Chinese Empire will issue additional dragon coins at this time, and the amount of additional quota of up to 500 billion dragon coins will be directly solved by the empire's military expenditure after participating in the war. In fact, since the Chinese Empire's dragon coins are international currencies, the additional 500 billion dragon coins will be jointly borne by people of all countries around the world. According to the three trillion dragon coins circulating internationally, the Chinese Empire's citizens actually only bear the debt of about 300 billion dragon coins, and the other 200 billion debt will be borne by the foreign exchange reserves of other countries. The Chinese Empire is equivalent to taking 200 billion dragon coins free of charge from other countries to fight to develop the military strength of the Chinese Empire. (To be continued! ~!
Chapter completed!