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About the military strength of Wei, Shu and Wu during the Three Kingdoms period

First of all, let me admit my mistake. Lao Zhuang is a little lazy now and doesn’t like to write these data tests? There were two types: First, novels are novels, and the plot is the king. Data tests are actually not important. Some books often have hundreds of thousands or millions of troops, and readers can still read them well, and their grades are so good that Lao Zhuang is jealous. It can be seen that these texts are really meaningless. To be honest, Lao Zhuang is really not lonely and compete with readers with zero fan values.

To be honest, today I am a little bit fucked by Dashijun, so I feel that his chest is broken, so I have posted so many posts tomorrow. I don’t care, but some readers who are not very clear may have some misunderstandings, so I explain it a few words.

Let me first explain that the settings of this book are based on the data in "Three?, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and will not be involved.

It is mainly centered on Wei State.

In addition to the county soldiers stationed in various counties, the main group of troops in Wei State was divided into four parts. The Southeast War Zone was responsible for the Grand Sima and the Jingxiang District War Zone, and the Northwest War Zone was responsible for the Grand General Sima Yi. Cao Zhen was responsible for the Grand General Cao Zhen. Cao Zhen was recuperating in Luoyang at that time, but he was not in Chang'an.

In addition to these three war zones, the most elite power of Cao Wei was in the hands of the emperor, namely the so-called imperial guards and the northern and southern armies. Wei's strategy was to use defense instead of attack and recuperate. Once something happened, the central imperial guards would provide mobile reinforcements.

How many people in these four groups have in total is not clearly stated in history books, but there are a few data that can be proved.

First, in history, the forces of both sides during Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition.

In 228 AD, the sixth year of Jianxing in Shu Han, the second year of Qinglong in Cao Wei, Zhuge Liang made a northern expedition, with a total force of more than 100,000. The "History of War in China in the Past Dynasties" by the three armies of Taiwan

The Three Kingdoms Volume states that except for the troops left behind in Hanzhong and the thousands of people from Zhao Gu, Zhuge Liang's troops from Longyou were between 60,000 and 70,000. The specific total strength was not clearly stated in the history books. However, considering that when Shu surrendered later, there were a total of 100,000 soldiers in the country, it was acceptable that Shu, who had not been banned, had a total strength of about 200,000. Apart from the troops stationed in various places and the troops of Yang Li who strictly guarded against the Eastern Wu, Zhuge Liang's rate would not be too large.

The Wei side's troops consist of two parts: one is the original western theater, and the other is the reinforcements from the central government. I think the remaining troops are three? Is this reasonable or not? Let's discuss it later. Let's talk about the reinforcements first. There are clear numbers.

The notes on "The Chronicles of Emperor Ming" quoted "Book of Wei": Nai's troops recruited 50,000 troops and cavalry to resist Liang.

The situation at that time was that Zhuge Liang sent troops to rebel from the three counties of Longyou, Tianshui, Nan'an and Anding. The situation was critical. I guess these five should be the maximum amount that Emperor Ming could allocate (of course, not all the imperial guards, so it is unquestionable to leave a part of them to defend Luoyang). In other words, under normal circumstances, the main force of the imperial guards who could be drawn from Luoyang was at most about 50,000. With the officials left, the main force of the northern and southern army should be around 70,000 to 80,000.

This is the main force of the imperial guards. The three major war zones cannot exceed the main force of the imperial guards, so they will not exceed 50,000. This is one of the reasons.

Reason 2: After Liu Bei's death, Shu Han was unknown for a while. Cao Wei was neglected to guard Shu Han and did not have heavy troops. As the highest military commander of the Western Theater Command, General Cao Zhen was recuperating in Luoyang, and the famous general Zhang He was stationed in Jingzhou. In the west, there were only Xiahou Mao and Yongzhou Governor Guo Huai. Xiahou Mao was a waste. After learning that Zhuge Liang had gone out of Qishan, Guo Huai's first reaction was to escape into Shangji, and then watched Zhuge Liang siege the city and plunder the land.

It is also conceivable that the troops under his command had no power to fight. Zhuge Liang took Longxi without conquering Shangqi and let Ma Su guard it. Zhuge Liang did not take Guo Huai seriously at that time. As long as Ma Su guarded Jieting and blocked Cao Wei's reinforcements, he would have enough confidence to occupy Longyou. This is a clear proof. If Guo Huai had 30,000 to 40,000 people in his hands, he would not be so passive, and Zhuge Liang would not be so careless.

From this we can see that the remaining troops in Longyou in Guanzhong will not exceed 50,000, but I say that it is about 30,000, and it should be tenable. The total troops of Wei are about 70,000 to 80,000, which is equivalent to Zhuge Liang's troops. Given that Cao Wei has more cavalry than Shu Han, in this case, Zhuge Liang withdrew from Longyou, it is understandable.

This was the general military strategy of both sides during Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition. There must be an error, but it will not be too outrageous, because there were subsequent troops from Wancheng as a reference.

Second, the military dramas in the Battle of Lu Xun Shiting.

Let’s talk about the forces of Cao Wei. The forces of Cao Wei were divided into three parts. One was the main force of the Southeast War Zone, the other was the former general Man Chong, the governor of Yuzhou, Hu Zhi, and the prefect of Dongguan. The other was the Jingxiang War Zone led by Sima Yi, the famous general Zhang He, who was in Sima Yi's army. The total force was "100,000 infantry and cavalry" (see "Biography of Zhu Huan").

There is a misunderstanding here. These 100,000 soldiers are personal, but they still include three parts. If it is said that only Fang and the commander of the war zone are leading, it seems to make sense. There are 50,000 people in the southeast war zone, plus 50,000 Central Army sent by Cao Rui. However, in this way, with the troops led by Sima Yi and Jia Kui, the total force will be around 150,000. Thinking about Cao Cao leaving Jingzhou and preparing to hunt with Sun Quan, only 150,000 or 60,000 soldiers and horses. So I think that these 100,000 infantry and cavalry are combined with three parts. The permanent soldiers in the war zone plus reinforcements of the imperial guards, Jia Kui has a total of more than 10,000 people, and Sima Yi's 20,000 to 30,000 people, which should be more reasonable.

The reason for saying this is because the total strength of the Wu army is probably the same.

In the same way, in "Biography of Zhu Huan", "Lu Xun was the marshal, Quan Cong and Huan were the left and right capitals, and each capital was the three lords. Don't know and bully, you should lead the army to return, be arrogant and invite a fight." It can be seen that the total strength of the Eastern Wu was also ten. The two sides had similar forces, but they were lying ahead, Sima Yi and Jia Kui did not arrive in time. In fact, his strength was only about five or six. If he met an ordinary general, he might be able to rely on the advantage of many cavalry to fight. Unfortunately, he was facing Lu Xun, so he was defeated.

The outline is that when Sima Yi attacked Meng Da, his troops were very fast, but when he cooperated with his army, his speed was always very good. He went down the Han River and rushed to Xunyang, but when he was fighting hard, he didn't know where he was, and he didn't show up anyway. Later, Cao Zhen wanted to attack Shu, and the vanguard Xiahou Ba had already arrived in Hanzhong, but the strange siege retreated, Sima Yi did not show up, and he actually arrived in Qunin in Ba County (see "Shu Jin")

"The Chronicle of Emperor Xuan"), it is so strange. In these two times, I can only be so weird that I deliberately want to watch Cao Zhen's joke.

From this war, I can roughly infer that the main force in the Southeast War Zone should be less than 50,000, and the Jingxiang War Zone would not be too many, and there should be fewer, at about 30,000 to 40,000. The imperial guards participating in the war should be about 20,000, which accounts for only one-third of the imperial guards of Luoyang.

Third, Zhuge Liang's troops during the Second Northern Expedition.

The second Northern Expedition was the attack on Chen Cang in the winter of 228. Regarding the military strength of both sides, the "Ming Emperor Ji" quoted Wei Lue as saying: "Liang thought there were tens of thousands of troops, and Zhao had more than a thousand soldiers." The reason why Zhuge Liang had only tens of thousands was probably because he suffered a significant loss in the Battle of Longyou at the beginning of the year, and he was from Xigu, so he was not easy to transport grain. Later, he withdrew his troops because of the exhaustion of food, so he did not send all of them out. What he was not concerned about was not his troops, but Zhang He's troops.

"The Biography of Zhang He" records: "The emperor was lucky to Henan City, and sent 30,000 soldiers from north and south, and sent 30,000 soldiers from north and south, and sent Wuwei, and Hu Ben to guard He." The Ming Emperor gave him 30,000 troops. From this, two problems can be imagined. First, Zhuge Liang's soldiers would not be too many, and it should be about 30,000 to 50,000. Second, Chen Cang was in Guanzhong, and his position was very important. Emperor Ming was so serious that if there were soldiers, he would not give more. Therefore, these 30,000 soldiers were definitely not a small number. Before the test, there was a part of the troops? It was lost in the Anhui City area. According to my estimate, 30,000 North and South Army could be about half of the main force of the ten armies, that is, the main force of the imperial guards was about 70,000 to 80,000, and it would not exceed 100,000.

Based on the forces of both sides in the above three battles, I make the following basic judgment.

1. The main force of Cao Wei’s imperial guards in Luoyang is between 70,000 and 80,000, and at most no more than 100,000.

2. The forces in the three main war zones of Cao Wei are between 30,000 and 50,000, and will not exceed 50,000. If a local battle occurs, there is no need to call the central imperial guards, and the forces can be used within 30,000. If there is reinforcement from the imperial guards, the total force is between 50,000 and 60,000.

3. When Zhuge Liang first went out of Qishan, the total force of Shu Kingdom was around 200,000, and the Northern Expedition led by Zhuge Liang was about 100,000, and the troops out of Longyou were between 60,000 and 80,000.

4. Wu's total force is about 250,000 to 300,000. Excluding the troops guarding in various places, the maximum mobile force can be mobilized is 100,000.

A few more circumstantial evidences.

1. "Biography of Deng Ai": "There are 20,000 people in Huaibei and 30,000 people in Huainan, and 12 minutes to rest, and there are often four." This refers to the permanent troops in the southeast war zone. Immediately afterwards, there is another sentence: "In six or seven years, three thousand can be accumulated with Huai's Huai, and this will be a 100,000 people in five years." Deng Ai's purpose of farming was to destroy Wu. Among the 100,000 people, in addition to the 50,000 troops in Huainan, there are 50,000 people from other war zones, which of course also includes the imperial guards. The 100,000 people are also in line with the people led by the army.

2. "Biography of Zhuge Dan": "General Sima Wen, the great general, was in charge of 260,000 troops from both China and abroad, and Linhuai attacked him." This was the most powerful force among the "Three?", almost a blow.

3. "Zhong Hui Biography": "??, I issued an edict to entrust Deng Ai and Zhuge Xu to command more than 30,000 troops, and they were divided into Xiegu and Luogu." The total force would not exceed 200,000.

The second and third examples are the two times that Cao Wei dispatched the most troops, but this was after Cao Wei used defense instead of attacking and resting for forty years. When Zhuge Liang made a Northern Expedition, he should not have such strength.

This is the relevant forces excerpted from "Three?". You may be used to reading "Three?" readers will feel bored. This is actually very normal. Just look at "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" with an army of 800,000 troops. When you hear it, you will feel excited. However, "Three?, it is actually only 150,000 or 600,000 at most, no more than 200,000. Compared with "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", it is so shabby.

There is nothing to do about this. Maybe this is the Romance of Legend and History. Guan Yu can use the Qinglong Yanyue Sword, but in history, Guan Erye can only use the spear honestly. Reality is often not bloody enough, nor is it passionate enough.

I have only said so much about the data verification of military strength. If anyone has tangible evidence, please feel free to chat with Lao Zhuang. Lao Zhuang likes to subscribe and support the book friends, and they are not absolutely repulsive to those who read the D version. However, there is no need to post it in the book review area. First of all, it is because of this. I will not add more essence to you. You have worked very hard. If you add more essence, it is really not reliable. You are laughed at by others, which will also affect Lao Zhuang’s mood. Readers who are not clear about it think it is Lao Zhuang’s nonsense.

c!.
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