Chapter 180 Industry-University-Research System (1)
October 15, 1663, sunny, Ping'an County.
In the high school affiliated to the famous Institute of Natural Sciences, Liu Xuefei had just finished chemistry class for a group of high school students. The course content is how to use battery packs to decompose various chemical substances, such as how caustic soda is decomposed into hydrogen, oxygen and nano-energy under power. As for other tests such as electrolytic saturated saline, they have also been explained in previous courses.
There is no doubt that the two only high schools in the country, the High School Affiliated to the Institute of Natural Sciences and the High School Affiliated to the Institute of Engineering and Technology, have already represented the highest academic level of the new generation of the East Coast Republic today, and are also the highest-level on this planet, based on the large amount of knowledge that they have mastered beyond the times.
Liu Xuefei is the daughter of former President Liu Weimin. She has loved chemistry since she was a child and has used her identity and not too outstanding talent to be recruited into a high school affiliated to the Institute of Natural Sciences for study. She has graduated for almost ten years. In the past ten years, she has been working in the Institute of Natural Sciences, and occasionally teaches part-time in the affiliated high school, teaching a group of students who have been selected after strict screening to pass on their knowledge.
It is worth mentioning that the only two high schools in the country do not recruit students every year, because their unique operating model determines that teachers (mostly professional researchers) do not have much energy and time to teach students. The "students" here are not so much students, but more accurate as research assistants or apprentices, because in addition to daily study, they also have to participate in various scientific experiments and technical research, and even in some projects that cooperate with local enterprises, they also have to serve as technical guidance. To borrow a word from later generations, these people are the "proud sons of heaven".
In other words, the knowledge they have mastered may be limited to the high school level in later generations (some individuals may have a higher level of in-depth knowledge), but what they do is completely the style of postgraduate students in later generations. This also shows that the preciousness of high school students in East Coast has been the core of R&D departments of various enterprises, technical technical secondary school, and education departments, and has played a huge role in improving the basic technical level of East Coast.
Haven't you seen that over the years, there have been fewer and fewer handicraft workshops in the East Coast, and many backward production methods have become mechanized production methods, and even less effective, they are also semi-mechanized production. The design of these production lines, the research and development of production equipment, the subsequent evaluation and improvement of performance are all done by these high school students. From later generations, we can laugh at their narrow knowledge and not deep enough, but we will definitely not laugh at their strong hands-on ability and ability to apply the knowledge they have mastered.
Liu Xuefei once heard of such an example. At that time, she had not yet entered the high school affiliated to the Natural Academy. She recruited a class of students in the early stage. In order to solve the problem of transferring gas from one container to another for a long time, someone suddenly designed a device called an air collection tank, which was later called a gas collection tank. His idea was very simple. He filled the second container with water and then turned the mouth of the first container containing gas from below to the mouth of the second container, and the gas would be collected into the second container. This inspiration instantly opened everyone's ideas, and then the more complete and reliable air collection tank was developed based on this idea, and then it was constantly improved to make it look like it now.
This kind of innovation is undoubtedly the spark of wisdom. Time travelers may have richer knowledge than them, but IQ or wisdom really depends on talent. This is also the reason why they have been selecting junior high school students across the country for so many years, selecting children who seem to be very talented to go to these two high schools (more precisely, research institutions) to further their studies. They need the successors and inheritors of knowledge too much. If they rely solely on these time travelers, they will not do much in thirty years, because they do not have the energy and may not have much motivation.
Of course, not all junior high school students who have not been selected into high schools have gone to employment. Many of them have also been absorbed by various secondary vocational schools, such as the Dayuhe Youth Cadre School, the Law Secondary School, the Capital Medical School, the Navigation School, the Dingyuan Army Officer School, the Customs School, the Qingdao Road and Bridge School, the Finance and Accounting School, the Xihu Agricultural Technology School in Xihu County, the Ping'an Metallurgical Secondary School in Ping'an County, etc. In addition, the schools run by various enterprises also absorb some of such junior high school students, such as railway machinery processing plants, the Southern Vehicle Factory, the First Heavy Machinery Factory, and the Central Railway Company. Of course, the knowledge taught by these enterprises is relatively narrow and the content is more practical. After all, they also provide further education for employees of the enterprise, and the content cannot be too profound.
In the past 30 years, compared with the rapid progress in construction and machinery, the development of basic disciplines such as chemistry and physics has been unsatisfactory. Of course, this does not mean that they have not developed at all. On the contrary, they have made great progress, but this progress is mostly concentrated in the theoretical field, that is, they are limited by materials, technology, funds or policies and have failed to develop these industries. The focus is on cultivating basic talents, improving theories (to be precise, restoring the theory), and formulating various standards and tools. Therefore, the construction of talents and theoretical systems is sufficiently perfect, but the profits brought by the industry are still needed to repay this investment. This is the "industry, education and research system" that the masters of the Ministry of Science and Technology have been talking about.
Of course, some people may say that the East Coast people have not made any progress in the chemical industry. For example, after solving the manufacturing problems of some important intermediate products in recent years, after extracting them from coal tar, the production of dyes produced (aniline purple, anirin black, anirin green, etc.) has also become increasingly large. Although it has not yet been able to achieve large-scale industrial production, it can still be prepared in the laboratory, but its output has increased much more than the initial one. Although the East Coast has spent a lot of money to import plant-based and mineral-based dyes from abroad in recent years, its gap has been filled a lot, and the future big steps of the dye industry is extremely promising.
However, these so-called achievements are not enough compared to the rapid advancement of the machinery, construction, papermaking, and textile industries. Therefore, the Institute of Chemistry, the Institute of Natural Sciences, has now proposed to its superiors whether it can also invest greatly in the chemistry field after the country focuses on developing machinery and other industries for 30 years to improve the level of the entire chemical industry. After all, the Institute of Chemistry cannot always rely on coal tar, dye, three acids and two alkalis to make money.
After teaching the students, Liu Xuefei returned to the office to have a cup of matte tea, had a short rest, and then took a carriage to the Northern Chemical Factory located in Jushu Township. This large chemical trust, which was merged from the original First Chemical Industry and Northern alkali making enterprises, has a large production scale now. The production scale of concentrated sulfuric acid and soda ash is particularly large, and it looks hundreds of tons every year. It is widely used in papermaking, glass, soap, printing and dyeing, steel and other industries.
The factory and Tieling special steel mills consume hundreds of tons of soda ash every year, and the gap is still very large. In many cases, they have to produce without soda ash. In addition, Henan glass factories also consume dozens of tons of soda ash every year. Several large textile factories, tanning workshops everywhere, flour fermentation, water treatment, printing and dyeing industries also consume a large amount of soda ash, so that the domestic has to call for the suspension of exports of soda ash to foreign countries (mainly the United Provinces and the Ottoman Empire) and give priority to domestic use.
Therefore, in recent years, Northern Chemical has devoted almost all its energy to the expansion of soda ash production line. However, with the gradual expansion of domestic industrial production scale and the increase in overseas market demand, the production of soda ash cannot keep up with consumption. Now Northern Chemical Factory has made great efforts and plans to expand three soda ash production lines based on the Lu Bulan method in one go (as for the sodium sulfate, one of the raw materials, it will be transferred from Yancheng Port to solve the problem), hoping to meet the market demand gap.
However, it is easy to expand the production line, as long as there is enough investment and skilled workers (it is not difficult to solve this problem). However, the large amount of residues and exhaust gas produced by the Lubran method of alkali production is a big problem, such as alkaline residues such as calcium sulfide, and a large amount of precious sulfur is confined to it (2 tons of residues are produced for every ton of soda ash produced. Unfortunately, the large amount of sulfur imported by the East Coast and the sulfur recovered by the coking plant are not enough for them to do so). However, the East Coast people are temporarily temporarily
We are still studying the market uses of calcium sulfide waste, but we have not been able to find complete commercial waste treatment technology; for example, the large amount of hydrogen chloride gas produced is easy to deal with. People in the East Coast tried to absorb it with water into hydrochloric acid liquid in the early days. To be honest, hydrochloric acid is not consumed much in the East Coast. The by-products produced by alkali production in the northern chemical plants accumulate more and more in the warehouse, and in the end, they even had to use it to flush the toilet for cleaning, which was helpless.
However, the Institute of Natural Sciences is not a big deal. After several years of hard work, the R&D team led by Liu Xuefei has basically fully explored a set of solutions that can industrially consume hydrochloric acid, a by-product, and can produce greater economic benefits. This time she came here for the final work of this production line.
"Team Leader Xiao Liu, here." Song Qiang, the director of the Northern Chemical Factory, stood at the door of the workshop and waved, shouting. Song Qiang, who was the director of the first chemical industry and the Northern alkaline production factory, almost raised the largest chemical group on the east coast by himself. He made great contributions in chemical production, especially sulfuric acid and soda ash. He was already in his sixties and was about to retire and live a long life, but he couldn't let go of the Northern Chemical Industry, which he sent in the second half of his life, decided to retire after completing the commissioning of the final "original chlor-alkali industry". Everything must be perfect. △≧△≧△≧△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△△▧
"Team Leader Xiao Liu, the things you made in the Chemistry Institute of Natural Science and Technology this time were good. I didn't expect it at the beginning." Song Qiang, whose hair was already half gray, came forward, looked at the junior in front of him, and said with a smile.
"Haha, Uncle Song, you are an old senior in the chemical industry. You have to manage factory production, open up the market, and train workers. Naturally, you have no time to do research. Of course, if the people from your factory's technical department do all these work together, then where will the Chemistry Institute of our Natural Academy be put on the face?" Liu Xuefei said with a smile, "By the way, how is the exhaust gas treatment production line this time? Is the production of bleach stable?"
"After the previous three small-scale trial productions, it has been relatively stable. The chlorine produced by heating hydrochloric acid and manganese dioxide reacts with ripe lime mortar, and the quality of the liquid bleach produced is very good. Ping An Water Supply Plant gives us the feedback that we will use our bleach to bleach drinking water in the future." Song Qiang said confidently, "Of course, there are also some manufacturers who hope that we can produce dry bleach instead of the current liquid products, which may require some minor changes to the production line."
"What do you say from Ping An Weaving Factory?" Liu Xuefei asked again.
"They would rather bleach the cotton cloth directly with chlorine. Then they would have to send the cloth to us, which would increase the transportation cost for no reason. But looking at their appearance, cotton cloth products bleached with chlorine water should be sold as high-end products. The price itself is high, so it can be transferred to these transportation costs. It is not a big deal. If it really doesn't work, they can also let Ping An Street Vehicle Company open the horse-drawn freight rail car line to our factory, so the cost will be much lower." Song Qiang said indifferently: "Our production line can bleach more than 1,000 pieces of cotton fabrics a day, and the production capacity is completely sufficient. Compared with Ping An Weaving Factory, Jingjiang Paper Factory has a greater demand for bleaching..."
"Haha, I didn't expect that the profits of these by-products look quite small now. Uncle Song, you should remember that the patent for the treatment of by-products belongs to our Institute of Chemistry. The 10% patent fee is paid on time every year." Liu Xuefei said with a smile on his face: "We are still studying the further industrial application of calcium chlorate in the bleaching ingredients. We have achieved certain results at present. Of course, there are still some problems such as removal of miscellaneous materials and reaction efficiency that cannot be solved, but it is also soon."
Song Qiang was a little clear when he heard this. As a former middle school teacher, he also knew about the important chemical raw materials such as calcium chlorate and **** under certain conditions, and finally produced them, and he had successfully made them in a laboratory environment. However, now that Liu Xuefei said this, does it mean that the industrial production of ******* has gradually been explored? If it is true, it would be interesting.
Chapter completed!