Chapter 616 The Emperor and the Empress Dowager (Part 2)
Although Guangxu was very dissatisfied with it, the military achievements of overseas Chinese were there, and they could defeat the Eight-Nation Alliance, defeat the German Far East Fleet, and defeat the Russian army to the south. These achievements were not achieved by luck. This also shows that overseas Chinese were by no means just a reputation. Guangxu now understood one thing that only when the country was strong can the force be strong.
Moreover, for the current Guangxu, if you want to get rid of Cixi's control, truly gain power and act arbitrary, you can only rely on overseas Chinese. Therefore, Guangxu also wanted to try again, so he said: "I have heard that Western countries may have reforms and reforms, they all start with the system first, but they have not seen them solve the land first. Moreover, Japan is an Asian country with the Qing Dynasty, with the same national conditions and culture as our Qing Dynasty. Japan imitates the reforms and reforms of Western countries, enriching the country and strengthening the army, but they have not seen them solve the land. Why did our Qing Dynasty first solve the land?"
Qin Zheng felt a little weak to complain. According to the old time and space understanding, Guangxu's main way to understand the world was to introduce books from Western countries published in China, but the authors of these books only had a slight understanding of Western countries. When introducing Western countries, they had a lot of personal feelings, so the narrative and explanation of many historical events were often seriously distorted.
During the Reform Movement of 1898, Kang Youwei sent many books to Guangxujing to introduce the reforms of various countries. However, although Kang Youwei regarded himself as a saint and had an advanced idea in China at that time, he was a man who wanted to seek differences. In order to prove his own argument, he even ignored the facts and misinterpreted the evidence. Therefore, he introduced the reforms of various countries to Guangxu. In fact, he brought a large amount of private goods to prove his views on reforms, which was far from the facts.
It was Kang Youwei who advocated that the Qing court should be proofreading Japanese reforms and hoped that Guangxu would learn from the Meiji Emperor of Japan. He wrote a book called "A Study on the Reform of Japan", which recorded the reform process between the first year of Meiji (1868) and the 23rd year of Meiji (1890) in Japan, and the narratives were particularly detailed in the Japanese parliament, constitution, official system, elections, etc. However, many changes and fabrications were made to prove the reform measures he suggested. Guangxu basically believed in this.
As for academic level, Qin Zheng was certainly unable to catch up with Kang Youwei, but he had more than 100 years of knowledge and knowledge than Kang Youwei. Because he summarized the experience of history and social development in the old time and space, comprehensive and detailed, and was more than a few streets away from Kang Youwei. However, the time is limited now, it is impossible to explain the social and economic conditions of the European capitalist revolution in Europe in detail, as well as the general background and general behavior of the Meiji Restoration in Japan. Therefore, he had to say: "The Western countries are different from China and China, so they naturally cannot generalize; Japan and China
Although they belong to Asia and have many similar cultures, this is an appearance rather than a substance. Japan is still an island country with a small territory, surrounded by sea, narrow land, few people, and insufficient resources and resources. Only by robbing other countries of land and resources are not enough to be self-sufficient. Moreover, Japan's ethnic group is single and has the same people. They are both tenacious and warlike by nature, cruel and bloodthirsty. China is a mainland country with a vast territory and rich resources, and can be self-sufficient. Moreover, the ethnic group has a large population. The people in different places have different personalities, the northern people are generous and the southern people are smart, so the national conditions of China and Japan are actually very different."
After a pause, Qin Zheng said: "I am not saying that China cannot learn from the reforms and reforms of Western countries, but that it cannot be completely implicated. China has its own national conditions. Therefore, it should make some choices about the laws of Western countries, remove the drought and retain the essence, and combine it with China's national conditions to formulate China's reform regulations in this way. However, this requires a comprehensive and true understanding of the laws of Western countries, understand those that are in line with China, those that are not in line with China's national conditions, those that need to be revised, and at the same time, a comprehensive understanding of China's actual situation must be improved. Those systems are first changed, those systems are then changed. Only in this way can a comprehensive reform plan be formulated and targeted. When necessary, reform pilots should be carried out in a certain place. We must never ignore the actual situation, like to be successful, be eager for success, and be eager for quick success."
After hearing this, Guangxu was also quite annoyed, because Qin Zheng said that he was very fond of merit, was greedy for too much and seeking quick success and instant benefits, and wasn’t he talking about him? It can be said that except for Cixi, no minister had ever taught Guangxu like this. However, Guangxu had been a puppet emperor for nearly 30 years and was able to control his emotions. He knew that now was not the time to get angry. Moreover, although what Qin Zheng said was unpleasant, it seemed to make some sense. However, Shi Enlai's mentality of overseas Chinese declining had been mostly weakened.
So Guangxu calmed down and decided to think about Qin Zheng's words seriously. He was making a decision. Anyway, overseas Chinese had to stay in Xi'an for a few days. According to convention, he should see the emperor again when leaving, so he still had a chance to meet Qin Zheng again. Guangxu said: "Okay, Qin Zheng, you should leave first. Let's have a good rest in Xi'an these days. I will invite you again next day."
After hearing this, Qin Zheng bowed to Guangxu again, and then he bowed to Guangxu.
Looking at Qin Zheng's back as he left, Guangxu couldn't help but sigh, slowly pushed away his left hand, holding a small scroll of paper in his palm. This was a secret edict written by Guangxu to Qin Zheng, which was to force overseas Chinese to force Cixi to return to power, help him take charge of the government, and then promote reform and promise to use overseas Chinese. If Qin Zheng's response could satisfy Guangxu, then Guangxu would find an opportunity. If he gave Qin Zheng something, he would take the opportunity to send the secret edict to Qin Zheng. However, Qin Zheng's answer did not meet Guangxu's requirements at all, so Guangxu finally did not take out the secret edict.
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"Oh! That Qin Zheng actually said that Kang Liang's reform was a nonsense." Cixi half-lying on the bed, slightly closing her eyes, and slowly said.
"Yes! Lord Lao Fu, that's what the Qin surname is, and all the servants reported it." Li Lianying stood at the end of the couch and said with her body under her body.
Cixi said again: "What else did Qin Zheng say?"
Although Cixi did not meet Qin Zheng in person, she also arranged to listen to the conversation between Guangxu and Qin Zheng and made detailed records. As soon as Qin Zheng left, the eunuch who was responsible for the supervision immediately handed over his record to Li Lianying, and Li Lianying transferred it to Cixi.
Li Lianying continued to recite: "Qin Zheng also said, 'Kang and Liang reforms were planned for 104 days, but more than 280 reform orders were issued, involving government affairs, economy, culture, diplomacy, and military aspects. There was no examination and demonstration in advance, and a strict plan was formulated; there was no rules on the way, so there was no point in the matter and no order. How could there be no reason to be unchaos when doing reforms in this way? Reform and reforms are such a major move. Since ancient times, few people have achieved success in China's reforms. Therefore, they must be extremely cautious, thoroughly thoughtful, and then plan and then move. What's more, let alone China's territory is widespread, with a large population, and the customs and habits of various places, and the people's hearts are not the same. There are thousands of threads, and it is as messy as threads. It can be moved by one stroke. How can we do it randomly?'"
After hearing this, Cixi suddenly sat up from the bed and said, "It's okay. Qin Zheng is really aware of it. It seems that there are indeed figures among the overseas Chinese. It's ridiculous that the emperor still regards Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao as treasures, but he doesn't know that these two people are clearly disturbing the Qing Dynasty." She sighed again and said, "It's a pity that if the overseas Chinese came back a few years ago and they would preside over the reform, the Qing Dynasty wouldn't have been so troubled."
Li Lianying didn't dare to answer, and listened on the side. At this time, Cixi looked at the palace maid Rong'er next to her with her eyes. Rong'er knew that the Old Buddha was going to use cigarettes. She immediately lit the fire eyebrows, held the cigarette pipe with her right hand, gently brought the cigarette mouth to Cixi's mouth, shook the cigarette eyebrows with her left hand, and lit the cigarette with her open flame cigarette eyebrows with her hands. Cixi held the cigarette mouth and closed her eyes slightly. After smoking a cigarette, another palace maid Juanzi immediately handed over a cup of tea. Cixi took a few sips, breathed a sigh of relief, and leaned back to the soft couch and said, "Let's continue reading."
Li Lianying hurriedly continued to read again. When Qin Zheng told Guangxu that the biggest problem in China at present was the land problem. Only by solving the land problem can other changes be carried out, Cixi suddenly opened her eyes and said quietly: "Well said, this is the old saying of the country."
Cixi took over the Qing court for more than 40 years. Her understanding of land was much deeper than that of Guangxu. It was the head of the family that knew that the firewood, rice, oil and salt were expensive. Cixi was very clear about the severity of land annexation in the Qing court and knew the harm of land annexation to the dynasty. Therefore, Guangxu believed that Qin Zheng's suggestion was still the same, but Cixi did not think so. Qin Zheng was the real point.
The impact of land annexation is mainly in two aspects. One is that after the farmers lose their land, their ability to respond to crises has dropped significantly; the other is that since the land is concentrated in the hands of the landlords and powerful people, they can avoid paying taxes, either openly or secretly, which will cause a significant reduction in the fiscal revenue of the central court. Therefore, once a natural disaster occurs, a large number of refugees will be caused, and even peasant riots will break out. The court does not have enough money to rescue disasters or use military forces to suppress them, which will eventually lead to the destruction of the dynasty.
The luck of the Qing court was that although the great powers opened the country with guns and cannons, they were pulled into the international trade system after all. Although the maritime tax was not high, they could also obtain a fairly stable customs income. In addition, in the 30 years of the Westernization Movement, the Qing court also established a number of modern enterprises, some of which were profitable and could also bring certain income to the Qing court and ensure the operation of the finances. Therefore, the Qing court could maintain it without any force when land annexation was serious.
However, this kind of failure to maintain force is not a long-term solution after all. The crisis has not been really resolved, and the contradictions are still accumulating, and sooner or later there will be a day of outbreak. However, Cixi has no intention to solve the land problem. This has been proved by countless facts from previous dynasties that no matter who tries to solve the land problem, the end of no matter who is trying to solve the land problem, is often miserable. The emperor and the ministers are the same. Therefore, they can only delay one day.
Of course, Cixi also heard that overseas Chinese carried out land reforms in Shandong, forcibly expropriating land of landlords, powerful people, and gentry, and distributed the land to farmers. At first, Cixi didn't care too much, thinking that this was just a means for overseas Chinese to occupy land. After all, when returning to the land of China, it was of course necessary to invest some industries, and occupy some land. Cixi even felt that overseas Chinese were a small family, and for the sake of a few acres of land, she offended all the local gentry. In this way, although overseas Chinese have strong force, it is not difficult to deal with.
Chapter completed!