The content of this chapter is basically a law and constitution and has nothing to do with the circumstances. Therefore, it is set as a free chapter. Another paid chapter will be updated this afternoon.

After nearly a month of efforts by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Justice, and referring to the land reform movement in the old time and space, combined with the objective conditions of this time and space, as well as some of the experiences gained by time travelers, we finally completed a [Outline of Land Reform System]. Tianlai novel and submitted this [Outline] to the Executive Committee for discussion.

The basic content of [Land Reform System Outline] is

1. General Provisions

In addition to the feudal and semi-feudal exploitation of the landlord class, the land ownership system that travels through groups is implemented to achieve the land that tillers have their own land, so as to liberate rural productivity and develop agricultural production.

2. Confiscation and expropriation of land

(1) Abolish the land ownership of all landlords; abolish the usury debts owed by the working people to the landlords, rich peasants, usury loan sharks before the land system reform in the countryside.

(2) Confiscate all land, farm animals, farm tools, surplus food and excess houses in the countryside. However, the landlord's other property will not be confiscated, and a small number of landlords will be appropriately compensated.

(3) Expropriate land for ancestral halls, temples, temples, courts, schools, institutions and groups, and provide appropriate compensation. For schools, orphanages, nursing homes, hospitals and other businesses that rely on the above-mentioned land income to maintain costs, the local government should withdraw funds to ensure their normal operation.

(4) Protect industry and commerce shall not infringe. The land and property directly used for business of industry and commerce shall not be confiscated. Industry and commerce shall not be infringed on the basis of confiscating land property. The land of industry and commerce in rural areas and houses originally lived by farmers shall be expropriated. However, other property and legal business in rural areas shall be protected and shall not be infringed on.

three,

Rural ingredients division

(1) Landlord refers to those who own land, do not work, or only have accompanying labor, but rely on renting the land and collecting land rent for a living, lending money and hiring workers.

Those who operate industry and commerce, manage courts and collect rent in school are all called landlords.

If you also participate in major agricultural labor all year round, or hire someone to cultivate part of the land at the same time, and rent out the main part of the land, and the amount of land you rent is more than twice that of the land you self-cultivated and employed (for example, renting out 200 acres, self-cultivated and employed someone to cultivate less than 100 acres), you should also be called a landlord.

Those who mainly rely on other occupational business income but still occupy a large amount of agricultural land, do not engage in labor, rent out land, and collect rent are called other components and landlords, and should be viewed in the same case as the landlord;

Those who help landlords collect rents, stewards, teachers, and customers, rely on landlords to exploit farmers as their main source of living. Those who live in a living situation should be treated as an example with the landlords;

Those who rent a large amount of land from the landlord but do not work themselves and sublet the land to others and make a living by collecting land rent, and whose living conditions are better than ordinary middle peasants are called the second landlord. The second landlord should be viewed as the landlord in the same example.

(2) Rich peasant refers to those who occupy part of the land; or own part of the land and rent part of the land; or have no land, all the land is rented. Generally, they occupy relatively good production tools and activity capital, participate in agricultural production labor, but rely on renting land but only the amount of land they cultivate and hire people to cultivate, collect land rent, lend money, or hire labor, operate industry and commerce to obtain income.

People who rented land by rich peasants over their own land and hired people to cultivate the land but did not meet the land standards of landlords are called semi-landlord-style rich peasants.

(3) Middle peasant refers to occupying part of the land; or owning part of the land and renting part of the land; or having no land, all the land is rented in. Middle peasant has considerable production tools themselves. People who rely on their own labor to live entirely on their own labor, or mainly rely on their own labor is called middle peasant. Middle peasant generally does not rent out land, sells labor, or sells a small amount of labor.

Those who participate in agricultural production labor themselves, but rely on renting land but only 20% of the amount of land they cultivate by themselves and hire people to cultivate, collect land rent, lend money, or hire labor, operate industry and commerce to obtain income, are called wealthy middle peasants.

(4) Poor peasants. They are those who occupy a small part of the land and incomplete tools, or have no land, and only have some incomplete tools. They generally have to rent the land to farm, and they are responsible for rent, debts and profits, and a small part of the people who hire farmers to work are poor peasants.

Middle peasants generally do not sell their labor or sell a small amount of labor. Poor peasants should sell part of their labor, which is the main standard for distinguishing between middle peasants and poor peasants.

(5) Hired farmers (workers). It means that there is no land or tools, or only a very small part of the land and tools, and it is entirely or mainly for a living by selling labor.

(6) Small land lessor. refers to a person who owns a small part of the land but rents out the land because of other occupations or lack of labor due to family lack of labor. He is called a small land lessor and cannot be regarded as a landlord.

(7) Enlightened landlords and gentry. Refers to some individuals in the landlord class who use active actions to support the cause of the time-traveling group, support the power of the time-traveling group and sponsor land reform.

(8) Soldiers, family members of martyrs. Refers to soldiers who participate in the People's Army and complete the retirement procedures according to normal procedures, as well as their father, mother, wife (or husband), son, daughter, and younger brothers and sisters under the age of sixteen.

(9) Rural small handicraftsmen. They refer to people who mainly live in the countryside, occupy a small amount of handicraft tools, workshops, raw materials and other means of production, and engage in independent handicraft production, sell their finished products as their entire or main source of living, are called rural small handicraftsmen or independent producers. Small handicraftsmen generally do not hire workers, sometimes hire assistants and apprentices of auxiliary nature, and occupy a small amount of land, but they still use their handicraft labor as their main source of living. They can be regarded as similar to middle peasants.

(1o) Bully refers to a person who relies on or form a reactionary force to dominate one side, and often uses violence and power to bully and plunder the people for the sake of private interests, causing significant losses to the people's lives and property.

4. Distribution of land

(1) Land distribution is based on the township or administrative villages equal to the township. On the basis of the original arable land, the land is distributed uniformly according to the quantity, quality and location of the land, supplemented by compensation adjustment methods. All the people in the village can obtain the same land, and the landlord should be distributed to the same part of the land according to the same standards so that they can support themselves.

(2) Protect all land and other property of self-cultivation and employed by rich peasants shall not infringe upon. A small amount of land rented by rich peasants shall generally be retained, and part or all of the land they rented out may be expropriated and appropriate compensation shall be given. The land leased by rich peasants shall be calculated based on the land they rented out. A semi-landlord-style rich peasants shall rent a large amount of land, and the amount of land they rented out shall be expropriated and appropriate compensation shall be given.

(3) Protect the land and other property of middle-aged farmers (including wealthy middle-aged farmers) and shall not infringe on it. The middle-aged farmers are allowed to retain a higher amount of land than the average amount of land obtained by the distribution.

(4) For enlightened landlords and gentry, in addition to handling their land and other property in accordance with the Land Reform Law and other relevant laws, they may be appropriately compensated and given them politically and in life. They should actively absorb them to participate in land reform or the work of governments and groups.

(5) Soldiers, families of martyrs, demobilized soldiers, government staff and their families should all be distributed to the same portion of land and other means of production as farmers, and appropriately given to the nursing staff. However, government staff should pay less or no dividends depending on their salary income and other income, and the extent to which their family life can maintain.

(6) Handicraft workers, hawkers, freelancers and their families in rural areas should be distributed to part of the land and other means of production as appropriate. However, those whose occupational income is sufficient to maintain their family life regularly will not be distributed to them.

(7) Bullies, bandits, robbers, criminals and criminals who have determined by the government to destroy land reform shall not be distributed to land. Their families have not participated in the crime, have no other occupation to support their lives, have labor force and are willing to engage in agricultural producers, and should be distributed to the same piece of land and other means of production as farmers.

(8) When allocating land, a small amount of land should be reserved based on the land situation of the township or an administrative village equal to the township, so as to allow the unidentified township and the fugitive households to return to the township to farm, or to adjust the township land. This land shall be temporarily managed by the township government and rented to farmers to cultivate. However, the land left shall not exceed one percent of the land in the township.

(9) When allocating land, the people's governments above the county may deduct part of the land based on the local land situation and take it into national ownership, as a farm test site or a state-owned farm within one or several counties. This land can be rented to farmers for cultivation before the farm is held.

5. Handling of special land issues

(1) The confiscated and expropriated forests, fish ponds, tea mountains, tung mountains, mulberry fields, bamboo forests, orchards, reed land, wasteland and other divisible land should be distributed uniformly in an appropriate proportion to ordinary land. To facilitate production, it should be distributed first to farmers who were engaged in this production. Those who have this land can divide it into less or no ordinary arable land. The distribution is not conducive to operators,

(2) Confiscated and expropriated dams, ponds and other water conservancy shall be distributed according to the land. If it is not suitable for distribution, the local people's government shall democratically manage it according to the original customs.

(3) The big forests, big water conservancy projects, big wastelands, big wilderness, big salt fields, big bamboo gardens, big orchards, big tea mountains, big tung mountains, big mulberry fields, big ranchs and mines, lakes, swamps, rivers, ports, etc., are all owned by the state and managed and operated by the government. The original private investment operators are still the original operators in accordance with the government's laws.

Six, other relevant regulations

(1) All land contracts before the land system reform will be invalidated.

(2) Rural components are delineated only to determine the basis for land confiscation, expropriation and distribution. The legal rights and obligations of each component are the same and should not be discriminated against.

(3) After the land reform is completed, the people's government shall provide a land ownership certificate and recognize all land owners' right to operate freely and rent out their land. Except for special circumstances, the amount of land leased shall not exceed the self-cultivated land, the term shall not exceed 5 years, the rent shall not exceed 15% of the land output, and the right to use the land shall not be transferred.
Chapter completed!