Pang Tong (179-214) was named Shiyuan and was from Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei). He was an important adviser under Liu Bei's tent at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was as famous as Zhuge Liang and was known as "Feng Chu".

Edit this section of personal information

The name is Shi Yuan and his name is Pang Tong

Born and die 179-214 (36 years old)

In the end, belongs to Shu

Originally from Xiangyang, Jingzhou [now Xiangfan, Hubei]

Bad appearance

The General of the Military Advisor posthumously awarded the posthumous title of Jinghou

Family information

Father unknown Mother unknown

Unknown spouse

Children Pang Hong

Brothers and sisters Pang Lin

Related characters Pang De Company Ma Hui, Zhou Yu, Jiang Gan, Cao Cao, Xu Shu, Liu Bei, Zhuge Liang

Liu Bei, a force he has served

Edit this section basic introduction

Pang Tong (179-214), whose courtesy name was Shiyuan, was from Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei). He was a famous strategist and general under Liu Bei's subordinates at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In his early years, he was as famous as Zhuge Liang in Jingzhou as "Feng Chu". People at that time evaluated his classic words as: "Lying in the dragon and phoenix Chu, one can make you feel at peace with the world!" He once criticized people with Lu Ji, Gu Shao, and others in the Eastern Wu, saying that he said, "When it comes to the secret strategies of the emperor, I think I have a long time to rely on it." ("Book of Pang Tong"). Liu Bei led the governor of Jingzhou, and Pang Tong came to surrender, but he did not receive any heavy use. However, he was engaged in the order to defend Leiyang, and was not in charge of the county and was dismissed from office. Later, Zhuge Liang and Lu Su strongly recommended him, and Liu Bei summoned Pang Tong again and talked about military and national affairs with him, and was highly valued. So he appointed Pang Tong as the governor, and soon became the military general with Zhuge Liang. Although Zhuge Liang and Lu Su's broad minds of promoting talents were admirable, Pang Tong's extraordinary talent was probably the fundamental reason for his final standing out.

More importantly, Pang Tong is an indispensable and important talent in realizing Longzhong strategy. His joining provided the Liu Bei Group with an opportunity to take a further leap. According to the plan of "Longzhong Pair", gaining Jingzhou and gaining a foothold was the first step, followed by taking Bashu west, crossing Jingyi, and then dividing the troops into two groups to eliminate Cao Cao, and finally unifying the world. Liu Bei joined forces with Eastern Wu, defeating Cao Cao who went south in the Battle of Chibi, and took the opportunity to obtain the four counties of Jingnan and enter Nanjun. It can be said that he has achieved the initial goal of "Longzhong Pair". Pang Tong's position changes also revealed an important information: because the military advisor General of the Central Army is not an ordinary military advisor, the latter stops the military planning, while the former not only conducts decisions and governs military power. Liu Bei sets up two military advisor Generals, which means dividing the troops into two parts and performing two major tasks.

Soon after, after careful planning and the support of Zhang Song, Fa Zheng, Meng Da and others in Yizhou, the time to enter Sichuan was ripe, so Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong each performed their duties, the former was responsible for staying in Jingzhou and consolidating the rear, while the latter was responsible for assisting Liu Bei and occupying Yizhou. The reason why the two made such a division of labor was also of great significance. Under the circumstances at that time, entering Yizhou and consolidating Jingzhou were equally important major events. If they did not enter Yizhou, they would not be able to achieve the great cause of unifying the world and restoring the Han Dynasty; if they did not consolidate Jingzhou, the action of entering Yizhou would lack a reliable rear guarantee. To complete these two major events at the same time, first-class talents from Zhuge Liang must assist Liu Bei. Looking at Liu Bei's early counselors, "Mi Zhu, Sun Qian, Jian Yong, and Yi Ji, all of them are graceful.

The wind is discussed and polite to the world" (Volume 8 of "The Three Kingdoms: Book of Shu") but it is not his strength to plan and win a thousand miles. There is no doubt that Zhuge Liang is the most suitable candidate for the entry and occupation of Yizhou or the consolidation of Jingzhou, but he is not the best choice for the first time. However, Pang Tong is not only knowledgeable and good at appreciating other people's characters, but also has the ability to "discuss the secret strategies of emperors and take the lead in the way", which is suitable for assisting Liu Bei in the occupation of Yizhou. During the process of entering Sichuan, Pang Tong not only assisted Liu Bei in making several meaningful correct decisions, but also with his unique intelligence, Liu Bei broke free from the shackles of the concepts of trust, righteousness, and benevolence, laying a solid foundation for pacifying Xichuan in the future. Unfortunately, Pang Tong was shot and died of arrows when he besieged Luocheng at the age of 36.

The general of Wu State, Zhou Yu, helped Liu Bei to conquer Jingzhou and served as the prefect of Nanjun. Pang Tong was still the Gongcao. Zhou Yu passed away and Pang Tong was buried in Wu. The people of Wu were well-known, so when he was about to return to Jingzhou, many well-known people saw him off. Lu Ji, Gu Shao and Quan Cong attended the party. Pang Tong began to comment on people again. He said: "Lu Zi can be said to be a slow horse with a strong power, and Gu Zi can be said to be a slow ox that can carry heavy weights and lead a long way." Then, he said to Quan Cong: "You are very fond of fame, just like Fan Zizhao of Runan. Although you don't have much intelligence, you are also a good one for a while." Lu Ji, Gu Shao said to Pang Tong: "To make peace in the world, you should share with you the people of the world with you" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu Book·Biography of Pang Tong"). So, Pang Tong made deep friendship with them and returned.

Afterwards, someone asked Pang Tong: "According to you, is Lu Ji better than Gu Shao?" Pang Tong said: "Although the slow horse is excellent, I only ride one person. The slow cattle walks thirty miles a day, and where is the weight of a person loaded?" It is said that Gu Shao went to see Pang Tong and lived with Pang Tong, and the two started talking. Gu Shao asked: "You have the reputation of knowing people. Tell me, who is better than you?" Pang Tong said: "When it comes to cultivating the world and Zhen Zong, I am not as good as you. However, if we talk about the secret strategies of emperors, I am better than you." Gu Shao thought Pang Tong's words made sense and became close to him.

Liu Bei occupied Jingzhou and served as the governor of Jingzhou. Pang Tong tried to be the magistrate of Leiyang County as an entrusted person. He ignored the county affairs and had poor performance in his duties and was dismissed from office. Wu general Lu Su wrote a letter to Liu Bei and recommended Pang Tong, which said: "Pang Shiyuan was not a talent for a hundred miles. He was appointed as the governor of the Central Government. He was the only one who could do the same job as the other. " ("Three Kingdoms·Shu Book·Biography of Pang Tong"). Zhuge Liang also talked about Pang Tong to Liu Bei. So Liu Bei summoned Pang Tong. The two discussed the past and present, and Liu Bei valued him a lot and appointed him as the Central Government. Since then, Liu Bei relied on Pang Tong only to Zhuge Liang. Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang were both military advisors and generals.

Once, Liu Bei chatted with Pang Tong and asked him: "You used to be the Gongcao of Zhou Yu. I heard that when I arrived in Wu, Zhou Yu sent a secret letter to Sun Quan and asked Sun Quan to detain me. I wonder if this is true? Under whom, of course you should be loyal to whom. You don't have to hide it." Pang Tong replied: "It's true." Liu Bei sighed: "I was in crisis at that time and asked Sun Quan for help, so I had to go to see him. When I went there, I almost fell into Zhou Yu's hands!" Liu Bei also said: "The wise and confusing people in the world have the same views. Kong Ming also advised me not to go at that time, and he insisted on it again and again, thinking that Sun Quan was afraid that Sun Quan would detain me. At that time, I thought that what Sun Quan wanted to beware of was Cao Cao in the north, and he should hope that I would be his helper, so he insisted on seeing him without any doubt. Now, this is indeed a dangerous move, not a complete plan."

In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Fa Zheng was ordered by Liu Zhang, the governor of Yizhou, to come to Jingzhou to welcome Liu Bei to Yizhou and reject Zhang Lu. Fa Zheng privately offered a secret plan to Liu Bei and asked Liu Bei to take the opportunity to seek Yizhou. Liu Bei hesitated and could not make a decision. Pang Tong advised him, saying: "Jingzhou is deserted and broken, and the people are lost. Moreover, Sun Quan in the east and Cao Cao in the north, it is difficult to achieve great development. Yizhou has a million household registration, fertile land, and abundant resources. If we can really seize this place, we think it is the foundation and we can achieve great achievements." Liu Bei was still worried: "The difference between me now is Cao Cao. Cao Cao is anxious, so I am generous, Cao Cao is tyrannical, so I am kind, Cao Cao is cunning, so I am cunning, so I am

He is loyal. Everything is contrary to him, and it is possible to win the hearts of the people and achieve success. Now, in order to gain Yizhou, I will lose my trust in the world, can I do it?" Pang Tong said: "Now in the time of chaos, I cannot stick to the rules in everything, and I must change with the power of the shackles. Besides, the annexation of weak people, attacking the dark, taking obedience, and repaying them with righteousness is exactly what the ancients valued. As long as the matter is settled and returned to him, who can say that you are unfaithful? If you don't take advantage of the current attack on Yizhou, you will be taken advantage of by others." Liu Bei thought Pang Tong was justified and decided to keep Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others in guarding Jingzhou, while he led Pang Tong and led tens of thousands of soldiers into Yizhou.

Liu Zhang, the governor of Yizhou, met in Fucheng, and Pang Tong offered advice: "Now that meeting, you can hold it, so that the general can sit in a state without any military effort." Liu Bei said: "I first entered another country, but my kindness and trust were not received, so this is impossible" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu Book·Biography of Pang Tong"). Liu Zhang grandly welcomed Liu Bei and his subordinates, and allocated many people, food, grass and military supplies to Liu Bei, and even handed over the strategic pass Baishui Pass to supervise, and ordered him to lead his troops to attack Zhang Lu. After Liu Zhang finished his instructions, he returned to Chengdu, and Liu Bei led his troops to Jiameng Pass.

At this time, Liu Bei's strength increased greatly. More than 30,000 troops had already been rectified, with clear troops and armor, sufficient food and fodder, and his morale was boosted. But he immediately went to attack Zhang Lu, but stopped at Jiameng, and established kindness to win the hearts of the people.

In December of the 17th year of Jian'an (212), Liu Bei had been stationed in Jiamengguan for a year. Pang Tong offered Liu Bei three secret plans on strategic issues: "I selected elite troops, and went on a road day and night, and attacked Chengdu directly. Zhang was not martial and had no preparations. The army arrived and decided in one fell swoop. This was the plan. Yang Huai, Gao Pei and Zhang, famous generals, each of whom had strong troops, guarded the junction. He heard that several notes were admonished to Zhang and sent the general to Jingzhou. General. Before he arrived, he sent a message to the couple to hear that Jingzhou was in a hurry and wanted to return it to save it. He also put it on his clothes and made a return. These two sons were obsessed with the general's reputation and were happy that the general would leave. The plan must be seen by light cavalry. The general took it and advanced his troops to Chengdu. This was the plan. He returned to the Bai Emperor, led Jingzhou, and returned it to him. This was the plan. If he could not think about it, he would be very trapped and would not be long-term" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu Book·Biography of Pang Tong").

Liu Bei thought the plan was reasonable and followed it. He killed Yang Huaigaopei and headed directly to Chengdu. The road was unstoppable. The places he passed were successfully conquered and he soon reached Fucheng. In Fucheng, Liu Bei met with his soldiers and placed wine to have fun, and was full of ambition. He took advantage of the wine to say to Pang Tong: "Today's meeting is very happy." Pang Tong said: "It is not a benevolent army to attack people's country." At that time, Liu Bei was drunk and said angrily: "Wu Wu." When the king attacked Zhou, he sang and danced behind him. He was not a benevolent person. You are wrong. You should get up and leave quickly?" So Pang Tong stood up and retreated. Liu Bei immediately regretted it and asked him to come back. Pang Tong returned to his original position and sat down. He did not look at Liu Bei, nor did he apologize, and was calm in food. Liu Bei said: "Who is the one who is the fault of the people?" Pang Tong said: "The king and his subjects are both lost" ("Three Kingdoms·Shu Book·Biography of Pang Tong"). Liu Bei laughed loudly, and the atmosphere of joy was restored at the banquet.

Pei Songzhi commented on the debate between Liu Bei and Pang Tong and said: "Although the plan to attack Liu Zhang was based on the rule of justice, it was successful. It was originally a treacherous way. Since he felt guilty, he would be happy and resentful. Therefore, he heard the words of "Bixiong and his subjects" and did not realize that he was right and said it was right. He was in a banquet and was happy and misfortune. He had been competing with King Wu, and he had no shame in his shame. This was a mistake but was not a mistake. His words were "both monarchs and ministers were lost," which was probably a slander."

Soon, Liu Bei surrounded Luocheng (now around Guanghan area of ​​Deyang). Pang Tong led the people to attack the city, and was shot by an arrow, and died. At the age of 36, Liu Bei felt extremely regretful and shed tears when he talked about Pang Tong. In order to commend his merits, his father was appointed as the Royal Lord and later promoted to the Advisory Officer. Liu Bei posthumously granted Pang Tong the Marquis of Guannei and appointed his posthumous title as the Marquis of Jing.

Historical records Pang Tong's name is Shiyuan, and he was from Xiangyang. When he was young, he was a simple and dull person, but he was not aware of it. Sima Hui of Yingchuan was elegant and had a good understanding. Tong went to see Hui in a young man. Hui picked mulberry trees on the tree, sat under the tree, and talked about it from day to night. Hui was very different and called Tong the crown of the scholars in Nanzhou. As a result, it gradually became apparent. Later, the county was appointed Gongcao. He was kind to human ethics and was diligent in raising his talents. Every time he said, it was more than his talent. People at that time asked him strangely. Tong replied: "Today, the chaos is in chaos, the elegant and the Tao is too late, there are few good people and many evil people. In order to develop customs and do good things, if you don't be beautiful, you will be famous and not admire the enterprise, and there are few who are good. Now you will get ten or five, and you will still get it. Half of it can be admired and those with ambition can encourage themselves? Isn’t that okay?” Wu general Zhou Yu helped the first lord to take Jingzhou, and led the prefect of Nanjun. Yu soldier, Tong sent the mourning to Wu. The people of Wu heard many of his names. When they returned west, they joined Huichangmen, Lu Ji, Gu Shao, and Quan Cong all went there. Tong said, “Lu Zi can be said to be a slow horse with a strong strength, and Gu Zi can be said to be a slow cattle that can carry heavy weights and far-reaching.” He said to Quan Cong: “You are fond of reputation, and you are like Fan Zizhao of Runan. Although you don’t have much intelligence, it is also a good one for a while.” Pang Tongji of the Three Kingdoms 09, Shao said to Tong: “To make peace in the world, you should share with you the people of the world.” He deeply joined Tong and returned.

The first lord led Jingzhou and was appointed as the commander of Leiyang. He did not manage the county and was dismissed from his official position. Wu general Lu Su wrote to the first lord: "Pang Shiyuan is not a talent for a hundred miles. He was appointed as the commander of the ruler. He should first show his horse's foot." Zhuge Liang also said that he was the first lord. He was good at the commander and was very good at it, and thought that he was engaged in the ruler's affairs. He treated Zhuge Liang personally and became the military commander General. Liang stayed to Jingzhou and followed him into Shu.

Liu Zhang, the governor of Yizhou, met with the first lord. Tongjin Ce said, "Now that he can meet, he can hold it, so that the general can sit in a state without any effort to use military force." The first lord said, "I have just entered another country, but my kindness has not been received, so this is not possible." After Zhang returned to Chengdu, the first lord should go north to Hanzhong. Tong said, "I selected elite troops in Yin, and attacked Chengdu day and night. Zhang was not martial and had no preparations. The army arrived and decided in one fell swoop. This is the plan. Yang Huai, Gao Pei, Zhang, a famous general, each of them fought strong soldiers and guarded the junction. He heard that there was a number of notes to advise Zhang and sent the general to Jingzhou. Before the general arrived, he sent him to hear that Jingzhou was in a hurry and wanted to return to rescue him. He also put them in uniform and returned to the outside world. These two sons were obedient to the general's reputation and were happy that the general would leave. The plan must be seen on a light cavalry, so the general took it. , and then he went to Chengdu. This was a plan. He returned to Emperor Bai, led Jingzhou, and returned to him. This plan was the next plan. If he couldn't think about it, he would have a big cause. It would not take long. "The first lord was right and he was killed by Huai, Pei, and went to Chengdu. He was defeated. At the meeting of Fu, he placed wine and fun, and said to Tong, "Today's meeting is happy." Tong said, "To attack people's country and think it's happy, it's not a benevolent army." The first lord was drunk and said, "King Wu attacked Zhou, singing and dancing in front and dancing, are not be kind? You don't have the right words, so you should get out quickly!" So Tong went to the patrol and retreated. The first lord regretted and asked to return. The first lord returned to his old position, and the first lord did not care about thanks and was calm. The first lord said, "Who is the loss of the argument?" Tong replied, "The king and his subjects were both lost." The first lord laughed and had fun as before.

He was besieged Luo County, and led the troops to attack the city. He was killed by the thirty-sixth year. The first lord was so sad that he shed tears when he spoke. He was called the Tongfu's father, and was promoted to the counselor. Zhuge Liang personally praised him. He was posthumously awarded the title of Guannei Hou and the posthumous title of Jinghou. Tongzi Hong, whose courtesy name was Jushi, was praised and criticized. He was lightly arrogant and arrogant. He was suppressed by Shangshu Ling Chen Fu. He died in Fuling Prefecture. Tong's younger brother Lin, who served as the general of the Chanzhenbei in Jingzhou, was conquered by Huang Quan, who was defeated by the army and entered Wei. He was granted the title of Lihou and was prefect of Julu.

After Pang Tong died, he was buried in Luofengpo. The cemetery was only maintained simply. It is said that this was the cemetery chosen by Liu Bei for him. However, looking north and south, it is a Feng Shui treasure land with a tombstone.

About 2 kilometers from Pang Tong's tomb, there is a temple tomb built by Liu Bei for him, with three-in-one four-combination layout, stone-wood structures (stone walls, stone pillars, stone mannequins, stone colonnades, stone windows), simple and honest, solemn and solemn. The mountain gates are arranged in sequence, the "Dragon and Phoenix" Second Master Hall, the "Qifeng" Hall, and the Pang Tong's tomb. The temple contains sculptures of Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang, plaques, steles, calligraphy and paintings of all dynasties, etc. A large number of precious cultural relics and historical materials such as the Song Dynasty literati Lu You wrote a poem when he passed by the Pang Tong's tomb:

Pang Shiyuan's tomb across Lutou Mountain

Shi Yuan died for thousands of years and was sad and sad in the temple.

It is often difficult to match the country, but it is not easy to know the heart of heaven.

Heroes regret for eternity, and fathers think of them when they are old.

The moss is extremely ruthless, and the broken monument comes to autumn.

Comment: Pang Tong is good at knowing people, talking about heroes, making many strange plans, and speaking up to the point. He is actually a talented person of a generation. Unfortunately, he died young and failed to achieve great success, which is a pity.

Edit this section of concise historical biography

Liu Bei's military advisor General Zhonglang. When he was young, he was Pu Du, but he had no knowledge. Only Sima Huiyi of Yingchuan was appointed as Gongcao, and he belonged to Zhou Yu. He was very kind and diligent in his long-term support. Wu general Zhou Yu died and was sent to Wu. First ruling leads Jingzhou, and Tong served as the commander of Leiyang. He was not in charge of the county and was dismissed from office. Lu Su and Zhuge Liang recommended him. First rulings were to follow Shan Tan and make great contributions to the government. He personally treated Zhuge Liang as the general Zhonglang of the military advisor. Liang stayed to Jingzhou. Tongsu followed him. After entering Shu, Liu Zhang, the governor of Yizhou, met with the first lord Fu, and the chief lord, and the chief lord did not follow him. After Zhang returned to Chengdu, the chief lord should have made Zhang's northern expedition to Hanzhong, and the chief lord remarked three strategies. The former lord was in charge of the plan and then killed Huai and Pei, and returned to Chengdu. He was defeated by the enemy. He was besieged Luo County, and led the troops to attack the city. He was killed by the thirty-sixth year at that time. The former lord was so sad that he shed tears when he said that. He was called the chief lord of the father and was promoted to the counselor, and Zhuge Liang personally praised him. He was posthumously awarded the title of Guannei Hou and was posthumously named Jing Hou.

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Liu Bei's military advisor General Feng Chu, was as famous as Zhuge Liang. In the Battle of Chibi, Tong avoided the chaos of Jiangdong, recommended Lu Su to Zhou Yu, entered Cao's camp to offer a series of plans to help Yu defeat the fire. Yu's soldiers went to praise the filial piety, but was able to see Tong. At that time, Su also recommended Tong, because Tong was ugly and arrogant, and did not use it. Tong then went to Jingzhou to join the First Lord, who was also underestimated by his appearance and appointed as the commander of Leiyang. Tong took office and ignored the government affairs. The First Lord sent Zhang Fei to blame him. Fei knew Tong's talent. The deputy military advisor General of the Central Army, and he praised the strategy with Liang and coached the soldiers. Later, the emperor followed the first lord to take Shu, designed to kill Yang Huai and Gao Pei, and obtained Fushui Pass. He attacked Luocheng, but suspected that Liang wanted to compete for merit, so he did not dissuade him from Liang's book. He advanced to Luofengpo, and Zhang Ren was ambushed and shot him to death by arrows. At that time, there was a nursery rhyme saying: A phoenix and a dragon, and the prime minister was about to arrive in Shu, and it was only halfway through the way, and the Feng died on the east side of the slope. The wind brought rain, and the rain followed the wind. When the Han Dynasty was prosperous, the Shu road was open, and when the Shu road was open, there was only a dragon.

Edit this section's historical chronology

When Pang Tong was young, he was simple and dull, and no one appreciated him. Only his uncle Pang Degong valued him very much and thought he was unusual. At that time, Sima Hui from Yingchuan was known as a person, so Pang Tong went to visit him. After the conversation, Sima Hui admired Pang Tong very much and called him the most famous talent in Nanzhou. From then on, Pang Tong's reputation gradually became prominent. Pang Degong mentioned him with Zhuge Liang and Sima Hui, saying that Kong Ming was a wolong, Pang Tong was a phoenix, and Sima Hui was a water mirror. Later, Pang Tong became a Gongcao in this county. Pang Tong had a wise mind. He liked to judge the character and was willing to cultivate the reputation of others, but when he praised others, he often surpassed the actual talents of that person and had more praise. He himself explained that in today's chaotic times, there are few good people and many evil people, and promoting good examples can improve the world's style.

[In 209] Zhou Yu helped Liu Bei conquer Jingzhou and led the prefect of Nanjun. Pang Tong was in charge of Gongcao under Zhou Yu. The following year, Zhou Yu died and Pang Tong was buried in Wu and was highly valued by the Wu people. But afterwards, Pang Tong returned to Liu Bei's office in Jingzhou and became a entrepreneur. Soon, Liu Bei asked Pang Tong to be the magistrate of Leiyang County. Pang Tong was in charge of the county magistrate and had poor performance in the administration, so he was dismissed from office. Wu general Lu Su wrote a letter to Liu Bei, recommending Pang Tong, saying that he was not a talent of a hundred miles; Zhuge Liang also recommended Pang Tong to Liu Bei. So Liu Bei summoned Pang Tong and talked with him, and valued him very much, appointed him as the magistrate of the Central Army, and was the military advisor General with Zhuge Liang, and his confidants were second only to Zhuge Liang.

[In 211], Liu Zhang invited Liu Bei to Yizhou to reject Zhang Lu. The envoy Fa Zheng privately offered a secret plan to Liu Bei and asked Liu Bei to take the opportunity to seek Yizhou. Liu Bei was hesitant, and Pang Tong advised Liu Bei not to give up the opportunity. Liu Bei agreed with Pang Tong's point of view, so he left Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others to guard Jingzhou, while he led Pang Tong and others to Yizhou. In the same year, Liu Zhang and Liu Bei met in Fucheng, and Pang Tong took the opportunity to capture Liu Zhang. Liu Bei was suspicious of not having a stable foothold and refused this suggestion. Later, Liu Zhang returned to Chengdu, while Liu Bei was stationed in Jiameng Pass.

[In 212], Liu Bei had been stationed in Jiamengguan for a year. Pang Tong offered Liu Bei three secret plans on strategic issues: the previous plan was to attack Chengdu directly; the previous plan was to return to Jingzhou and seize Yang Huai and Gao Pei; the next plan was to slowly plan to take Shu after returning to Jingzhou; and concluded that it could not be consumed like this, otherwise there would be more dangers. Liu Bei adopted Pang Tong's plan and lured Yang Huai and Gao Pei, and then marched into Chengdu.

[In 214], during the battle to siege Luocheng, Pang Tongzhong died of arrows, and was only 36 years old at the time. Liu Bei was extremely regretful and couldn't help crying when he mentioned him. Liu Bei posthumously granted Pang Tong the Marquis of Guannei, posthumously named Jinghou, and appointed his father as the Lord of the Constitution, and later promoted his father to the Lord of the Constitution. Pang Tong's son Pang Hong, whose courtesy name was Jushi, was suppressed by him because of his arrogance, and he was only appointed as the prefect of Fuling. Pang Tong's younger brother Pang Lin participated in the Battle of Yiling as a steward in Jingzhou. After his defeat, he followed Huang Quan to Wei and was granted the title of Marquis of Li, and became the prefect of Julu.

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Sima Hui: The crown of the scholars in Nanzhou.

If a virtue and public know people sincerely, this is indeed a great virtue.

Chen Shou: ① Pang Tongya was fond of people, and he studied classics and thought about the plan. At that time, Jing and Chu called him Gao Jun. ② Wei ministers were the ministers of Wei, and Zhongshu of Xun Yu.

Lu Su: Pang Shiyuan was not a talent for a hundred miles. He was the only way to carry out the responsibility of the different leaders.

Yang Opera "Praise of Ji Han's Minister": The military advisor is beautiful, elegant and magnanimous, deadly and wise, loyal and affectionate, but this is the righteous sect, and he will repay his kindness after his death.

Zhuge Liang: Pang Tong, Liao Li, the talented people of Chu should praise those who prosper the world.

Edit this historical allusion

Pang Tong became the magistrate——a big talent and useless

The tomb of Pang Tong is located next to Laoshan Road, only about 15 kilometers away from Deyang. In ancient times, the last pass from Qin to Shudu was the last pass. It was a provincial cultural relics protection unit. It is a shining pearl connected to the Three Kingdoms ruins. "The south is bounded by Yizhou, open a thousand miles of fertile fields, look north to the Qinling Mountains and lock 800 clouds, look east to the east to the Tongchuan mountain, and look west to the silver-clad mountain." The tomb was built by Liu Bei, the Emperor Zhaolie of Shuhan after Pang Tong died in the 19th year of Jian'an (214 AD). The three-in-one four-combination layout is made, stone-wood structures (stone walls, stone pillars, stone mansions, stone colonnades, stone windows), simple and honest, solemn and solemn. The mountain gates are arranged in sequence, the "Dragon and Phoenix" Second Division Hall, the "Qifeng" Hall, and the tomb of Pang Tong. The temple contains sculptures of Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang, plaques, steles, calligraphy and paintings of all dynasties and other precious historical materials.

The ancient cypresses around the tomb are towering, lush and lush, forming a square formation, like a huge piece of jade embedded on the ancient Shu Road. Next to the tomb is an ancient post road with deep ruts and moss. There are Zhuge Liang's eldest son Zhuge Zhan and Wei army Deng Ai who fought bloody battles with loyalty, strange stones, ravines, caves and springs, which are among the relics of Shu Han. It is a good place to cherish the ancient Three Kingdoms and win modern victory.

The Pang Tong tomb in the Pang Tong Temple was only built by later generations to commemorate Pang Tong, and its real tomb should be next to Luofengpo, not far away.

Edit this section Pang Tong Temple Tomb

Pang Tong's tomb is also known as the Dragon and Phoenix Temple. It is located on the side of Baima Pass in Luojiang Town, Deyang City, Sichuan Province. Pang Tong (179-214)'s name is Shiyuan and his pseudonym Fengchu was a native of Xiangyang. He was a strategist of Liu Bei during the Three Kingdoms period. Pang Tong in the Three Kingdoms 10

The tomb was built by Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, after Pang Tong died in the 19th year of Jian'an (214 AD). Wang Pingfan disrupted Shu, and the tombs and temples were destroyed. In the 30th year of Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1691), the existing gate, the main hall, the pavilion on both sides, the feng Temple, and the tomb outside the temple was Pang Tong's tomb. The temple, there were thousands of pine and cypress trees around the tomb, lush and green, and the scenery was like a picture. There were two large cypress trees in the courtyard of the temple, which was said to be planted by Zhang Fei. The main gate and the side doors were engraved with couplets and plaques, one of which said: "I knew that the fallen phoenix was left in the previous emperor, and I would like to let the sleeping dragon be an old minister." On the stone wall behind the main hall, there is a biography of Pang Jinghou written by Chen Shou of the Jin Dynasty. Two horse pavilions were built on both sides, one was called the White Horse Pavilion and the other was called the Rouge Pavilion. The two pavilions symbolized the incident of Liu Bei and Pang Tong's replacement of horses.

On May 25, 2006, the Pang Tong Temple Tomb, as an ancient building in the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to include the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
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